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# 2 Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants in Halacha
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[Music]
which talks about here is that
inaudible from mid-space
we'd like to now discuss bezoshem
how this
is affected by the contemporary usage
of hearing aids and cochlear implants
which give new ability to be able to
hear
and thereby also to speak
and to listen to mit's face which
otherwise they couldn't how this affects
in
numerous applications
before we speak about the laches let's
first just describe and understand
the machias the facts
of these technologies what a hearing aid
is
what a cochlear implant is the
similarities and the differences between
them
a hearing aid
is actually a miniature
microphone system
just like a pa system in a auditorium
takes the voice of the speaker and
projects it amplified over much larger
area that people could hear
what he says of which otherwise they
would not be able to hear
the hearing aid picks up with the
microphone
sounds and speech around it
and amplifies it and puts into the ear
of the of the of the wearer it's making
me be able to easier for him to be able
to hear
at a louder volume
that which otherwise he will not be able
to hear it's a miniaturized microphone
system
what i have what happens is that he
wears a little unit usually by the ear
sometimes in the ear
it has a microphone that picks up the
sound
and then it's amplified by the aids
technology
reproduces a sound that's exactly the
same but louder and and and and
delivered right into the ear canal
right next to the eardrum and that way
it's a much stronger louder signal sound
that he's able to empty here which
otherwise wouldn't be able to hear
um nowadays they have digitized
um digital uh hearing aids that they
have multiple functions they're able to
filter out background sounds and just
focus on the on the speech
they could be directional
they could have different functions of
being attached to a telephone or to
bluetooth or streaming but the
functionality is always really the same
which is amplifying and and producing a
sound stronger and louder than the
original sound
a cultural implant by contrast does not
amplify
does not reproduce a sound does not make
any sound whatsoever it does not put
anything into the outer ear or to the
eardrum at all
and that way it's completely different
than the uh than the hearing aid
instead what a cochlear implant does is
that it bypasses
the problem area
which is in the inner ear of the cochlea
where the
hearing receptors the little hair cells
thousands of them that receive the sound
and bring it to auditory nerve are
located and are damaged in a hearing
impaired person
with the neurosensorial hearing loss
and it bypasses that and delivers the
sound straight to the auditory nerve
which takes it to the hearing center of
the brain
the way it does this
is having a surgically implanted
electrode unit
under the skin behind the ear
that's the electrode goes right into the
inner ear and right up to the auditory
nerve on the nerve
and then when it picks up the sound
it delivers it right right to the
auditory nerve and the brain hears it
how does it pick up the sound when it's
inside the head
there's an outer unit an external unit
which has a microphone
and
transmits the sounds that it picks
up with radio waves into the in the
internal unit
and the internal unit then sends it
along to the auditory nerve
and and unable to hear it
wait it does that it has to take the
mechanical sound the acoustic vibrating
sound of sound waves
and and transform it into an electronic
signal that stimulates the auditory
nerve
which is the exact same thing
that the natural ear does
in a normal person's hearing how does
normal hearing work it's the same way
the speaker with their voice creates a
vibration sound mechanical acoustic
sound
which goes sound waves through the air
and then hits the ear and collected goes
to the eardrum of the listener
and that vibrates the eardrum and the
middle ear
pieces until the inner ear the cochlea
responds with all those
sound sensors
and somehow miraculously within the flow
submarine
is able to then change that mechanical
sound into electronic neural signal
which then the
the auditory nerve takes up to the brain
the cochlear implant does the same job
as as the
normal kolkata would do and takes the
vibration make it into a nervous signal
and deliver delivers it to the nerve of
the brain
so this way a both a hearing aid and a
electron and a cochlear implant
are electronic inventions
that are
helping hearing
but the in the hearing aid is
reproducing an amplified louder sound
that's so much the original sound while
the cochlear implant
is simply taking the original sound and
delivering it to the nerve and to the
brain without reducing another sound at
all
because it bypasses the problem area
of the cochlea of that with the damaged
hearing cells
the sound that comes
to the nerve and the brain the sound
that they're that the listener actually
hears that with the hearing aid the
cochlear implant wearer
is much clearer much higher quality
than that of a of a hearing aid hearing
it is only making it louder and louder
but the inner ear is still damaged and
it's still having trouble
processing all the frequencies the
sounds
of what they're listening to
i'll give you a personal example
when my son that was
hearing impaired
and for years wore a hearing aid and
eventually then got a cochlear implant
after being activated with the implant
he turned to me and told me abba
i'm hearing things i never heard before
i never knew that birds tweet
and chirp
i never knew
that running water makes a rushing sound
i never knew that you could hear
the wind rustling in trees
these are environmental background soft
sounds
that you don't focus on like someone
speaking to you
and hearing it didn't pick up
but the cochlear implant did and like
was a cochlear implant
the speech itself delivers it delivers a
speech sound so much clearer and easier
to understand
that makes such a difference for the
wearer
and this makes a huge difference a huge
difference
a logically now
for the
developmentally
for the jewish hearing impaired
before the before the advent of the
cochlear implant which was just began in
the uh
late 1980s and only became popular after
that now it's tens of thousands of if
not many more that are wearing cochlear
implants become the standard but before
that until the 1980s
wearing hearing aids they don't always
do it and they weren't able to really
learn to speak and and and uh and and
become oral and the and the in the
common way of education was manual was
with signal with sign language and
whether a signing person is considered
to be a bardos is questionable we talked
about that yesterday there's a good
reason to say yes but they became now
isolated in their own little world
of
the the the signing manual world they
weren't part of the regular school
system mainstream yeshivas khadar and
basiacovs
and it affected their lives and halacha
status became somewhat of a question
but what since the uh since the the
common
diagnosis of a newborn being hearing
impaired within a few months or weeks
they get again cochlear implants they
speak like everyone else speaks maybe
some with some speech therapy necessary
but learn to speak normal and they've
all become now in this generation as
opposed to earlier mainstream regularly
achieve a regular hater regular-based
jacob regular
kylo all the way up because they're
regularly speaking and and talking
people
and therefore there's no question in the
world
that they are madame or vaynerchumay at
very least if not madaba and shomaya
that's a huge huge difference that the
coca-cola implant has made
but let's talk about fulfilling
mid-space fulfilling mitsvice that i
usually listen to by hearing
most people listen to
kiddish
i say it was
by being said by the head of the family
or abdullah
or likewise creates kriya satyra and
creates a megillah by the valkyrie in
the shoal and slowly the kia chauffeur
by the baltokaia
many mitzvahs that we do part of zakhar
many mitzvahs that we do not by every
single person reading it himself or
doing it himself
but we would say with shameakone with
listening is considered blackly
like speaking and it's uh with
connecting into the speech of the
speaker by listening into it and
understand being part of it part of the
conversation shimaya kona that's that
that's a speech is attributed to you as
though you said that kid is yourself or
that abdullah yourself
shame
is predicated upon shimaya upon his
hearing if a person can't hear
then he there's no shamir khan and he
can't believe he would say by listening
if you can't hear what's being said
what if you could only hear
by in by an artificial means by
electronic uh invention
of a hearing aid or cochlear implant
is that considered to be hearing the
voice of the speaker to be itsy with or
is that not
this is a major halachic issue
one of the major postman that took up
this whole subject
both in the technology and studying how
the electronics of it work and the aloha
which he mastered as well
and that analyzed
that
the um
a hearing a hearing aid or a microphone
does not deliver the original sound of
the speaker
the voice of the speaker
but a duplication a replication of that
just like a telephone you're speaking a
long-distance telephone or international
telephone
you hear what the person is saying
right you don't hear his voice shouting
across the country right you hear the
voice
that went into the speaker of the phone
that he was big into
and was sent electronically wireless or
wire by wire either way across the
country in electronic form and then in
your unit your speaker your telephone
unit it reproduces that sound exactly
like his sound or
practically almost indiscernibly the
same
and you're hearing him what he says but
you're you're not actually hearing his
direct voice you're hearing a machine
speaking to you and a machine version of
someone says
it's not even mid-space it's not a barca
yuva we all know the mission that says
questions
by listening to someone that's not
muhammad that mitzvah the machine is not
even so it's like a tape recorder it's
like a a uh you know
something you would be speaking that's
not a bar mitzvah you can't be outside
listening to machine speaking so how can
we go to the listen to a telephone or a
radio where nowadays post corona we
could say a zoom how could it be that
you could see the face you could hear
that you hear the speaker or the balcony
laying the magilla on the zoom
but it's a reproduction of the original
voice it's not the voice itself of the
speaker and therefore you can't be
honest with it
this opinion
was followed and adopted by nearly all
the postgame inheritance trial in his
day
diane
and across the board almost all the
postcards israel
with the exception of the great hazonis
himself
salman himself writes that he spoke
about this with the with the kazanish
and the khazanish disagreed
because says ledaity according to his
opinion his dost tyra
came and shall call hanishma
since the voice that you end up hearing
knows why they call hamadambir
was created by the speaker's speech this
the voice of the speaker is what makes
the speaker the voice that you hear
akulazan nishman beyond kaderich madabra
which you're hearing instantaneously
live stream
not like a tape recorder playing being
played over afterwards
absolutely
because
it's possible this is considered to be
like actually hearing him speak
or take up or the on the chauffeur
that the chevrolet person is blowing
which you're hearing through the
microphone or through the hearing aid
zone itself says he doesn't understand
and doesn't agree but the kazonish is
a major pacific
um agree with that as well that you
you'd say with everything else besides
takiyah shiva which he had an issue
about
but very significantly for us
from major fine scenes across the block
of the igor maisha in the pacific door
of america
poskins in igris maisha or hayam two
places and second helix
and the fourth highlights
that you said by listing hearing through
a hearing aid is considered a hearing
unlike it was a telephone or a
microphone or a radio or a zoom it's all
the same
idea
because it's reproducing it
simultaneously and identically
and he explains it so beautifully he
explains from maisha
that sound and hearing even by in normal
healthy people
is a process there's the vibrations made
by the speaker there's the sound waves
that are in between there's the sound
that hits and vibrates the the the
eardrum and the middle ear and the inner
deer there's a transformation from the
mechanical vibration sound acoustic
sound into electronic neural signals
that the that the cochlear inner ear
does and then sends it up to auditory
nerve there's a lot of steps that are on
along the way
and that's called shamia that's what the
torah calls listening hearing
so he says this is doing the same
process even the hearing aid that does
reproduce a second a second sound right
but that's part of the same process and
as long as it's part of the certain
process that's happening instantaneously
at the same time the same way same the
same the same sound than it is that
consider if it's considered to be of
hearing the same sound as well
and therefore
um
well therefore ramiche is occurring
so wearing a hearing aid and listening
to kiddish or could or have dollar order
chris mcgillin and such
gets involved in them in a significant
mechanics of contemporary basketball
and therefore what should a person do
it was able to be outside of deus to be
able to fulfill the missile coin to
everyone of course that would be best
so some people depending on the degree
of their hearing loss
it's it makes it easier to be able to
wear the hearing aid but without hearing
aid i can also hear especially if i sit
up close stand right right next to the
person that's speaking and he's speaking
very loud let's say it creates magilla
the valkyrie and show lanes are very
loud for the whole seaboard to hear
and you stand right next to him you
might be able to hear it even without
your hearing aids and then you'll be
able to see the holiday that's according
to everyone
takiyah schaefer in particular i want to
mention
a show for sound
is much louder actually three times
louder than north regular speech regular
speech is in the area of 35 decibels in
volume while the shover blowing is in
the area of 110 decibels in volume three
times louder so it could be that person
can't even hear people shouting at him
who will be out here the show for sound
especially if sound stands right next to
it so if they're able to do that that's
the best way to do it the holla the
yards are going to everyone but what
happens if a person is not able to do
that it doesn't work for him he's not
able to hear
especially megillah they read very fast
i can't follow what i can i i get
totally lost right so then you do have
major pisces to rely on
nonetheless than ramesha feinstein in
america or his own nation the secrets
are going to inertial reviews of angle
before that as well but i asked him that
that say that you could be uh with a
with where with with a hearing through a
hearing aid so although it's a much
larger pie skin you could be out like
that
and certainly by drobonos you could say
a sauvignon on the cooler
so um and if you have no other choice do
the chauffeur like that at least you'd
be it's according to the spice gum
that's a story with a hearing aid
if it could take it off then it's
possible to do it yourself
kiddush is not so hard to say grease
mcgill is not so easy to say so it
depends on what a person is able to do
if they can't do it themselves then if
they could lay it if they can't lean out
themselves then listen without it if you
can't listen without it listen with it
and you'll be i'd say according to a
major biscuit
a cochlear implant though is another
story
a cochlear implant has a major advantage
in our locker
over the um the hearing aid and that is
that as we mentioned before a cochlear
implant does not amplify and does not
reproduce does not duplicate does not
make another sound that doesn't make any
sound at all it takes the original sound
of the speaker the voice of the speaker
or the sound of the shaper
and it delivers it to the auditory nerve
in an electronic neural signal just like
the regular the inner ear does by every
normal
hearing person
there's no other sound that's being
heard there's no second sound that's
being duplicated like a telephone does
or like a microphone does or like a
hearing aid does the coc implant doesn't
make a second sound that's being made by
a machine that's not a barclay uva rush
limousine's argument let's say you can't
be used with a machine speaking doesn't
apply when it's not the machine speaking
the machine doesn't make any sounds
whatsoever there's no other sound
besides the original speaker the
original sound of his voice or the sound
or the sound of the shaper
now it's true that it's still artificial
it's still not
a natural hearing
that that is that is a locking point
but the main objection that was raised
against the hearing aids was the
microphone is the duplication of a new
sound being made artificially by a
machine and that that sound that you're
listening to is not a valid sound to
listen to with to beyonce mitzvah by the
cochlear implant there is no second
sound that's being being created and
therefore that objection doesn't apply
so it's quite possible maybe not
absolutely necessary in mulch but it's
quite possible you know if you were to
hold that you're not going to be i'd say
listening through a microphone telephone
or hearing aid you could just be it's a
mitzvah by listening to it through a
cochlear implant
most people that wear cochlear implants
don't have an option of not wearing it
and listening without it and therefore
they should certainly listen with their
hair and their cochlear plant on
and that way they'll be out say
um
according certainly according to
rabaisha and zonish that say the ufc was
a hearing aid
and it could be that over here there's a
there's a reason to say that everyone
would agree that you'd be out say
because you're hearing the original
sound of the person actually speaking or
reading the magillum or blowing that
chopper
even the mute and the deaf will be able
to get up and sing and dance and be able
to have the power of speech the mute
will burst forth with a song which is
the fulfillment of the the vu of the
islam
the eyes of the blind will become light
they'll be able to see
her
and the ears of the deaf will be able to
hear and they'll be able to
listen
and the lame will be able to get up and
and dance and jump
the taron roshan elaine and the mute
will be able to sing forth in song which
resented that in haiti i just want to
conclude again
that this pamphlet that has all these
alakaz and sources and much more about
shabbos than usage and such
is available from the ou it was
published by them recently republished
and they could be contacted at
35 212-613-8234-212-613-8235 82 34 or
email at our way
at ou dot org
o
u r
w a y r way at o u dot o r g thank you
very much i wish you a visitor to be
able to be shamiyah
and because
of
thank you