Der Yeshiva Bokher Kadisch ( Boris Thomashevsky - Louis Friedsell )

Tomaszewski, Boris (Thomashevsky, Boris; Baruch Aaron in 1866, the village Ositnyazhka Kiev Province, - 1939, New York), a Jewish actor, director, playwright, historian of the Jewish theater. The family honored traditions of the Jewish synagogue, and opera music. My father had a beautiful voice, was an amateur violinist. Already at the age of four Tomaszewski choir sang in the synagogue Kamenka village with his grandfather, Abraham, Jacob Tomaszewski, hazzana of the orbital, and two years later, he moved to his parents in Kiev, Tomaszewski began to attend the opera with his father. Tomaszewski's uncle, a traveling salesman, told him about a troupe of A. Goldfaden and learned from him a few songs from the shows. At the age of eleven Tomaszewski was adopted in Berdichev synagogue choir known hazzana Belzera Neeson, where he spent two and a half years. In 1881 Tomaszewski moved with his parents in the United States. He lived in New York, where the first time he sang in the synagogue on Henry Street and worked at the cigarette factory. At the factory, he accidentally saw a poster that was sent from London performance of "Bewitched" (by A. Goldfadenu) and had a great desire to invite the troupe to New York. Taking advantage of location-rich parishioner, Parnassus synagogue on Henry Street, Tomaszewski persuaded him to send to London eight tickets for the actors of the troupe. Despite the opposition of the Committee's assistance to immigrants, who were wealthy German Jews, far from the cultural needs of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe, the first performance of this company in Yiddish held in July 1882 in New York in Thurn Hall on 4th Avenue. In the play "The Witch" was made in the roles and Tomaszewski Mirela and seller "babkeleh." Committee for immigrants still had his: the first performance of amateur theater was the last. Tomaszewski, moreover, was dismissed from the synagogue choir. In search of a livelihood in the Tomaszewski played performances in New York and other U.S. cities. By this time, and his first theatrical experiences. In 1886 Tomaszewski created the troupe has performed with her in Chicago and Baltimore, where he met with a 16-year-old Bessie Coifman (1873-1962), who soon became his wife and collaborator in the creation of the Jewish theater. In 1892 Tomaszewski set piece Lataynera I. "Alexander, Oder Der kroynprints fundamental Yerusholaim" ("Alexander, or the Crown Prince of Jerusalem"), which brought him success surrounding the "prince of the Jewish theater," as Tomaszewski called, for three decades . He staged dramas, musicals, melodramas, comedies, written in Yiddish and in translation from other languages ​​(L. Kobrin, E. Chirikov, A. Shomer, A. Goldfaden, Goethe, Schiller, and E. T . A. Hoffman, William Shakespeare). Tomaszewski wrote about 50 works for theater, embodied most of them on stage. Multi-actor, who served with the dramatic success of the role and solo parts in the productions of world classics and Jewish authors, Jewish reformers of the stage, Tomaszewski at the same time not shied away from cheap handicrafts and performances, tailored in a hurry. However, among the many operettas for the creative fortunes Tomaszewski, of course, are built on logically related story, sparkling folk humor "Dos farblondzete Shefel" ("stray sheep", 1913), "Dee poylishe Hasen" ("Polish Wedding", 1914), " Dos tsebrohene Fidelio "(" The Broken Skripochka ", 1916). In her drama "Der goldener fodem" ("Golden Thread", 1922) Tomaszewski played two major roles: A. Goldfaden and B. Tomaszewski. From the works for the theater have been published "Di neshome Yiddish" ("Jewish soul", a musical drama Tera J. / 1861-1935 / Tomaszewski in the processing, publishing, "Melody", Warsaw, 1909), "Dos pintele id" ("Jewish spark "Warsaw, 1911)," Dos tsebrohene Fidelio "(music by J. Rumshinskogo, N.-Y., 1917)," Dee poylishe Hasen "(scenes from the life of the people in three acts with prologue and epilogue, publisher Goldfarb, Warsaw, 1928). It is assumed that Tomaszewski was the author of the operetta "Die neshome fundamental Mine folk" ("The soul of my people", the publishing house M. Goldfarb, Warsaw, 1926). Limited edition pieces have been published "Di yudishe kroyn" ("The Jewish Crown") and "Farblondzete Shefel" ("stray sheep"), the two - in New York in 1914 Tomaszewski wrote several works on Jewish history and theory of theater. In 1908 he published his book "Tomashevskis teatershriftn" ("Theatre works Tomaszewski," publisher "Lifshitz-press", N.-Y.). In 1909 he founded the magazine "Die Yiddish bean" ("Jewish Scene") - "weekly magazine devoted to all aspects of the drama of Jewish and Jewish music." In about half-lived weekly Tomaszewski published his article, the head of an unfinished novel "Tsvey shvester, origineler novel fundamental dem-lebn idishn Theater" ("Two Sisters, the original novel of the Jewish theater of life") and materials on the problems of the Jewish theater.