Halachos of Chanukah with Rabbi Yosef Braun - 5786

Just want to make announcement before we begin that tonight's learning is dedicated little we're going to go through of as much as we can cover in the amount of time that we have. Before that I just want to make an important notice about this coming Thursday night. This coming Thursday night is when we start saying the same instead of the same. Now that's very important that change because it's one of those changes if a person makes a mistake and says the same instead of the same they were not they did not make a request for rain and therefore their ding is not valid. You can make up for it in the go back and say it when you finish the you can say it before you go to the next you can make up for it in and in some cases you might have to go all the way back to the beginning of this is different than the change that we just had on when we're not asking for rain. We're just mentioning rain that we started saying instead of and if somebody by mistake doesn't mention rain but instead mentions that Hashem gives us then he doesn't have to go back but if you don't ask for rain the same you have to go back so putting that out there that starts with Thursday night let's move on with the associated with Kaneka. So the when it comes to kanak there's preparations that we need to do before kanak is that associate with kanak itself in terms of the preparations we all of course get ourselves a nice there's a mitzvah to beautify of all mitz are supposed to be beautiful so a nice mana a metal mana silver mana um that's the money for the mana should not be coming from micer money not nor for the oil or the wicks but We try to get something nice if we can afford it. Some people are very particular. They don't want to use the glass holders, the glass cups that they put into the silver man cuz they really want to use have the hra of lighting with the silver mana. And their argument is well we're not lighting with a silver man. We're actually using cups. That's an argument. So those who want to be mad are welcome to do that. If you're having these different types of manura, the Reb recommended the Reb said that it makes sense if we're having a fork. If we're going to be using a mana with branches, we should make a mana with diagonal branches cuz that's how the was in the B mdash. Although this is a not a B mikdash, but it's best to do it with branches. That's in terms of the itself. Let's move in talking about the oil. So the oil is supposed to be person supposed to own the oil. You cannot have oil which is someone else's. Um, first of all, if it's someone else's could even be stolen and that's geneva, so you're not. But besides for that, it might have to be yours because it's supposed to be yours. So if you're staying in someone's house and he gives you oil, you don't have to make a whole and pick up the oil and make a whole kenyan. That's not customarily done. But you really should make sure if you two people are lighting and they're switching each other, I've used your oil, you use mine, that that could actually be a problem. And there's certain cases where you're joining with someone else's manial lighting. You might have to even pay them money for the oil. So this is about making sure it's your oil. We use dapka olive oil. It's a mitzvah. Other things are also okay. But the preferred mitzvah is to use specifically olive oil. Electric candles do not count according to many and that is what we follow. There are case where a person is stuck and he has no choice. It's and they might have to use electric lights. So they they will not make a because it's a question of the mitzvah. They should make sure it's not fluorescent. It's not LED. It's not a lamp that's used throughout the year. It should so it's obvious that this is specifically for Kaneka. For example, on the plane to use the lamps that are made for reading. The wheel should not use those lamps. Use a different electric lamp. Don't hold it in your hand because you're supposed to have the lamp sitting down placed in its place and only then is it supposed to be lit. The same with the man. You're not supposed to be holding the man in your hand. But again, that's not the way we do them. questionable if you're with electric and we don't make a brah if it's electric but when people are stuck they're stuck because they have no other choice I mentioned olive oil is the primary mitzvah now in the market of olive oil there's a lot of forgeries going on and there's a lot of oil which is claimed to be olive oil and it's not really olive oil so there's the actually international olive oil association there's local olive oil associations which they put some type of sticker or logo or something on olive oil to tell you that it's actually real authentic olive oil. There also signs you can sometimes tell taking a sample of the olive oil. You put into the fridge, you heat it up, you can sometimes tell if it's really olive oil or fake. Not that actually we need to have a hecture on the olive oil. In most cases today, I'm talking about in terms of not in terms of kash. In most cases, it wouldn't really be a concern of kashras. But here we have a different problem. We have a problem for the minority. It's not a concern of kashras. But the problem over here is that it might not be alva and you want to do the mitzvah of the hijra mitzvah using specifically olive oil. Extra virgin is preferred. Some people in particular to make sure it's extra virgin olive oil which is made for eating and not for lighting. That's some it's a hid that some people have. The purer the oil the better. Then there is the wicks. The wicks cotton wicks are is what's commonly used. Although all wicks are really kosher, but that's what's commonly used. We try to make have nice wicks. Floating wicks. Some people do not like to use floating wicks because the top of the floating wicks, the float the wick is coated with wax and we trying to light with olive oil. So now you started off lighting with wax. So to to prevent that problem, what some people do is they actually dip the floating wicks with into oil. So right when you start lighting it straight away has oil in it or you burn the wick a bit before. So hold it make sure that the wax the coating wax coating melts. Some people have other issues with the floating wicks cuz it doesn't stay in one place. Although according to all these things would not be a problem. There's readymade wicks that are bought in the store. The ancient mini was that people used to prepare the wicks themselves and some people still have that hidd rather prepare the wicks all by themselves. Of course, if you don't know how to prepare wicks and the storebought ones are going to light much better, it's better to buy ready-made storebought wicks than being aim and trying to use this have this h of having making the wicks yourself. Moving on to the candles. There is an argument that says a theory that says that in order that something should be considered a kali a it needs to be has to have a kali. You need to have a dish a container to put the candle into. That's not the we don't need to have a kali. the candle a candle per se is is perfectly fine, but like we said, it's better to have a manure. That's not definitely nicer. If you're going to be using wax candles, make sure they're not close to each other. If the manura is it's all on a flat straight level, all the candles on a straight level, it's not such a big issue. But when they're in a circle or not in a straight level, which any as it is supposed to try to make all the candles straight, then it's but if they're not straight, it's best to make sure there's a distance between one candle and another because they melt on top of each other. And talking about that, there's the common minuro candles that are available in the stores that officially burn for half an hour. A lot of them are problematic. They don't actually burn for half an hour. When you especially when you're lighting a few candles together, then they burn for less than half an hour. Never mind that there's hour to use to make sure they burn for 50 minutes. But even without our minute, sometimes they actually don't light for even for the minimum half hour. So the art in the market is available the smaller candles the real tiny ones that we remember from many many years ago and there is the newer version a bit larger those of course better specifically on Friday when we light earlier if we're talking about kids there's room to be lean to use the tiny ones you want to distribute so if they're going to be lighting on time one candle will burn for half an hour that's fine if they're lighting late for sure everything is fine but if light before the which we'll talk soon about the man of lighting or at Shabas at least one candle should burn till half an hour after and that's why it's always better to use the larger candles an important piece of information there's a lot of confusion about understanding how the mitzvah of Kaneka works and maybe I should have started with this that writes that the mitzvah of is a very very special mitzvah it's cherished every every individual has to Be careful with this mitzvah. This is a mitzvah informs people of the nest that Hashem made and gives Hashem for this nest. Man or woman ch children all have the mitzvah of Khaneka. Even a poor person who has no money has to go borrow. He has to sell his clothing to buy oil wicks to buy to be able to light their khan. So this is a mitzvah that everybody has this mitzah. Now you could have one person lighting in a family and some people have that meaning. Women and girls generally do not light and they're from the master of the house but they still have the mitzvah. women were part they were part of the miracle of Khan they had not only they were part of it they were a primary part of the mitzvah of khan and if it's a mitzvah even though it's a mitzvah timely mitzvah it's a mitzvah for men and for woman there's no such thing my husband has the mitzvah no it's your mitzvah he might be the one lighting but it's everybody's mitzvah now because it's such a very important mitzvah there are those that argue that if a person doesn't have a place to light a they don't have a house they to go and rent or buy a house. Now, even if we're not going to accept that, that common sense says is the mitzvah is to sell your clothing for oil if you have a house. But if you don't have a house, you don't have a mitzvah. But it would be ridiculous to go and get rid of our house. And I'll explain what I mean. And avoid and make ourselves in a position that we don't have the mitzvah any longer. What am I talking about? What does that mean? Somebody's going to get rid of their house like this. They want to have the mitzvah. That's about people that are flying. A lot of people for some odd reason are flying during the time of man lighting. They're flying in such a way that they cannot light the manura at home. Generally speaking, the mitzvah of the person to light through a but some people can't even have the ability of having a light for them. Some say that if somebody bought a ticket and he can't for a flight and he cannot light them in, he should go cancel his ticket even if it cost him a lot of money. Certainly if be the flight is after the time of Khanak that's one thing when you fly before the time of the mitzvah and now it's already the time of the mitzvah you're stuck on the plane but certainly if the time of the flight is when it's already the time of the mitzvah that becomes a problem now there's room for leniencies in various different situations but I'm talking about the setup the general setup of setting up your flight flight in such a way that you're missing out on the mitzvah remember there are those that I want to say that even if you don't own a house, you have to buy a house to have the mitzvah. Certainly, you shouldn't be moving away from your house and be stuck without doing the mitzvah. Now, you could light if you're staying in someone else's house. If you're staying there, not for an hour for eating a meal, but if that's where you're sleeping, you could light over there. But if a person lights at home and immediately leaves home, leaves home and it's already time, he's not going to be home anymore. It could even be not it's not your home anymore. You left your home. If you're going to come back home, then you should light at home. When you come back, even if it's going to be late at night, as long as people are awake, and we'll talk soon about the times of lighting, but I'm mentioning this to understand the idea of not missing out the mitzvah. The same thing is for those that doing Khan events. People have always known that the time of lighting is not the right time to do a Kaneka party, a Kaneka event. So Khan party is a Kaneka event should be in a way that whoever is participating should be able should be able to light the mono at home. So from a half an hour before until the time of nightfall that's not a time to make never mind you're not supposed to eat before man lighting also because the people won't have an opportunity to light a man and you cannot light at the place of if this is not your home more about that later so flight should not be arranged for these times should not be arranged people that have events should schedule those events in a way that doesn't conflict with the mitzvah of now I want to explain Something very important about the setup of the mitzvah. We mentioned earlier that there's a mitzvah on every individual to light the mana in their home. You can have one person lighting for everyone. There's mahad and mahad those that are extra pious in the mitzvah. They have every individual in the family lighting. The meaning is that not woman and girls. That the mahadra is only men. Okay? Be that as it may. But one person has light in the family. That is the mitzvah of Khan. There's another mitzvah of Kaneka which is to there's a mitzvah to see the candles and hear the is that if a person sees a man lit there's a special you make on seeing the mana on seeing a man lit on the first night there's a big massive debate and it's not clear what the is a raging debate if The brah that you make on seeing the applies also if you were to the mitzvah. Now certainly if you lit the yourself and you made us on your you go and you see someone else's you don't make just by seeing it. But if you were to because in your family the was lit for you. Now you walk to another place and you see the do you make that's an because it's an we have a rule. When there's an argument about making a making a blessing, we have a rule. If there's a question whether you should make a blessing or not, we on the side of caution and we don't make a so if somebody was they liter one of the kids, one of the daughters went somewhere and she saw it's a question whether she has to make a or not. The way to get out of the question is to be there when lights and we don't have the sh of what's called the special for seeing a man lit. Certainly if a person did not have anybody lighting for them even if they're not lighting themselves they should make a when they see now is it a question about which is count and when could you make the consensus is that even if it's past the half an hour when the is burning even if it's a which is not the mitzvah we'll get to that in a moment you could still make the on that so let's make that clear there's a mitzvah of lighting the or being y with the lighting of and there's another mitzvah of hearing the braus praising hashem for the miracles answering amen and seeing candles lit this mitzvah of seeing the candles is so important that if a person was the mitzvah because a min was lit in his house on his behalf he left home his wife lit on his behalf and he was y the mitzvah and he but he didn't see any min because he's in a place where there's no Jews he should go and light a minor specifically not for the purpose of being the mitzvah for the purpose of making the braha on seeing the candles. So he would go and he would light a mana in this place he stuck with in a place full of non-Jews no being lit over there. So go light a you'll be able to see the make even the as well cuz you have now a to light in order to be able to see. So I'm emphasizing the reason I'm emphasizing this I don't want to confuse people is about the importance of both having the lit for you and there's another importance of hearing the braas and seeing seeing a there's a third thing which is a separate thing altogether a custom not a but a custom and in certain communities they did not have this custom a custom to light the in that is nothing to do with the mitzvah of that's not the mitzvah of we're not y of the mitzvah of by being at The minura lighting in shul I did say that the concept of seeing the minura could be accomplished through that but the mitzvah of lighting the min is not accomplished this the purpose of lighting is purely for pursuing for publicizing the miracle and because this is for publicizing the miracle we cannot make the braha on the lighting in unless there's 10 people at a time that will be able to see the candle so there needs to be at some given time 10 people there seeing the candles burning some people in particular should be even 10 people there when the braas are made. Now, because this is not the regular lighting, in some places they would they would allow even children to light in even though they're not mitzvah yet. We're particular at least ideally to have a gul bar mitzvah boy to light in. But it's not the primary mitzvah. It's a different kind of idea. It's an idea of pursuing. It's nothing to do with a general mitzvah. It's a minig and we make a even on something which is a mig and the the lighting of the shul has its own set of rules how we light it what type of candles which area we do it. In certain communities they would make a lot of noise while they lit the man and shul. There's videos going around of some place we have taken that a bit out of hand and throwing things and who knows what during landing the manul the reason for this minute to make a bit of a disturbance when the mana is being lit. But people should understand that this is not real mana lighting. This is a puma thing. This is a the same idea the rebba encouraged very strongly that we should do what do public lightings the idea that the rebb wanted this public lightings is similar to the idea of lighting in the it's not the of being it's to publicize the miracle of so if you're going to a public that doesn't make you that's that's a different thing altogether in we earlier than the regular time we light it after Mkah provided Mika is ded after the time called Mika which in crown heights over the days of Kaneka that's sometime after 3:30 have written by me 3:32 for the first day it's always good to add a few minutes just to be safe and that's why in 770 although the Reb's was always at 3:15 the Reb's was a bit later to allow there to already be the time of to be able to light in and again nobody's over there including has to light again. The person who lit him in and made the has to light again at home. If he has nobody at home, then he only makes he won't say again because that he did in the could be accomplished in but that cannot be accomplished has to make it again at home. If he has family members at home and he has they have to be then he'll say all three on the first night as well. the timing of lighting the minura. So in ancient times when you used to light a mura outdoors it was extremely important to make sure that we light the madra on time. Nowadays it doesn't have the same level of importance but it's still also very important for many multiple reasons to make on time. What does on time mean with the exception of Friday and matabas? on time means immediately after sunset between m and mv. So again it's always good to add a few minutes particularly that there's an argument that in this case over here means there's two types of there's the visible and the real and in this case now when it comes to not doing work on shabas that starts from the visible a lot of people heard of this idea that there something called visible real and they think they have a few extra minutes the purpose of the visible is not to do any work on Friday from at least from the visible and woman already from candle lighting time 18 minutes before that. But when it comes to lighting, arguably that refers to the real which is a few minutes later. That's always good to add a few minutes just to be safe that it's already after. And that's usually on the nights of Kaneka again in Crown Heights. Usually about 4:30 4:31 depending on on the exact night 4:32. And it's always good, like I said, to add a few minutes after that. this idea of on time. The spoke about it multiple times and he spoke specifically about when we get getting to we should try to make sure that light on time as well. So obviously we should certainly be careful of light on time that is done before mv but if a person did not manage to light on time and it's already mv time the mv takes precedence to lighting the in terms of time and therefore one should first have a and then go light because lighting is a mitzah that has to be done at a certain time if it is about what you're not allowed to do before you do this mitzvah any mitzvah which has to do with a certain time there's a range of behaviors of things that you're not allowed to before the mitzvah a half an hour before line to start work in allah start a meal if you start you should really stop it's really people that are in stores really should be leaving work and going home to light nowadays some people are more lenient because we don't like outdoors but still the right thing is to stop work you're not let her go to sleep then even if it's temporary sleep because it's time to light the mono somebody really needs to and he's stuck and they have to eat. So as long as they're eating fruit, any other foods with the exception of bread or it's okay. The pious behavior would be not even to eat fruit, no drink, no nothing when it comes half an hour from the time of as it is written that were meaning the early the pious individuals were careful. They would fast when it comes to any mitzvah. Not eat before we not eat before we before etc. But if somebody is stuck, they need to eat. So they should eat any other foods except for mazinus or even if it's so long not eat more than the amount volume of an egg. Learning to also should not be done before lighting. But there's room to be lenient not a half an hour before but from the time of lighting onwards. And you could always have a who's not eating and not learning themselves to reminded you have to go light. This restriction on not eating applies to those that going to be lighting themselves. The girls, the women that are not lighting themselves, they're being the lighting through the father or through the husband. They're allowed to eat even if it came the time of lighting because there's the husband is going to be lighting. He'll call them. The problem is there are people that are going to do they didn't light themselves yet. They're going around getting to light and they're going for a few hours and they get very very hungry. So the same apply to them too. There's always today's day and age we have a range of foods out there which are not and even if you not going to have this extra to fast and maybe you shouldn't be fasting if you're going you need but you don't have to eat if they're really stuck and they need to eat and mish hungry and they can't find other foods it's within a half an hour the time if not yet the time of lighting so they can eat at least misinus but not bread misinus and misinus more the because it's not the time of manual lighting. If they're really stuck, they'll eat even bread. If they're really stuck and it's already the time of man lighting and they need to eat. So there's room for leniency. If they if you need to eat, then so long you didn't come home yet because once you're home, you got to light the manura. Once you're out of the home, you can't light them that even if you want them cuz you're not home. So therefore, if they they should make sure they have a show that will remind them have a manura prepared in your house. So when you come you'll remember right away to light of is very prepared but that's really one should not rely on all of these lenencies. One should really not eat at least not eat bread and more than the of a the volume of an egg that's in terms of the time of lighting till when can you light the manura? We said you're supposed to light it after sunset. So the time is till a half an hour later. a half an hour approximately half an hour after sunset is still included in the time of man lighting. If you pass that half an hour, then you you could even light all night long, ideally before midnight. But even if you pass midnight, you can light all night long until break of dawn until Allah. The problem here is when you're not lighting in the right time, when you're lighting much later, the is you could only make a bra if your family is awake. If the family members are awake, you cannot make a man because according to many opinions, you're not. So if people are sleeping, wake them up. Wake up two people, at least one person. So you should be able to light with a brah. If they're sleeping, you have to light without a braha. So the although we did say there's room to be lenient if a person didn't light on time they could light till half an hour later if they didn't light then they can light until break of dawn not sure what the time that is on nights of khan sometime early in the morning in the AM's but that could only be if there are family members that are awake. Now, two important points over here. First of all, I said till the break of dawn, but if you have less than a half an hour left till the break of dawn, it's a question if you can make because it's not going to burn for a full half an hour by night. It's part of the time is going to lead on. So, some people for some odd reason, they always do things the last minute. Over here, the last minute is a half an hour earlier. The last minute is break of dawn, but you need it to burn for half an hour by night. So, you won't be able to make a if it won't burn for half an hour at night. So you could technically stop making a only make until a half an hour before break of dawn. That's point number one. Point number two, I said to wake up family members. Wake up family members means people that are members of your family. Schlemping a person off the street and saying, "Oh, can you come cuz I just rocked up at home at 3:00 and we're going to need someone to be there." That won't work cuz the for your family members. The flip side is on the other hand we're saying that you can't make a bra when it's so late and it's past the right time if your family is asleep. But if a person has no family, a widow, someone who lives alone, they have a mitzvah without family and their mitzvah is to they light with a braha even if the lighting late because their mitzvah is when they're on their own. So this is an interesting thing. Somebody who's on their own can make a braha all night. Somebody who lives with family or in a dormatory with other in the dorm that's like family. They have to make sure somebody is awake two people at least one person. Once it's break of dawn it's over. There's no lighting anymore with garnish. It doesn't count. It's not the time of lighting. And what comes to the next night you don't change the number. You follow the same pattern that everybody else does. If it's the second night of Khan now you light two candles. Even though last night the person didn't light anything at all. If a person for whatever reason will not be able to light the manura on time, then there's an opinion that says that you allow to start lighting if they're busy and they won't be able to the light to start lighting already earlier from the plaga time. And that's a time that we mentioned ins they start lighting. It's a different rule. Shuls is a different type of and they start lighting ready from plaga approximately 30:30 in crown heights. So if a person is in a situation where for whatever reason they will not be able to light in the regular time they can start lighting the mana from the time of however they have to make sure there's enough oil that it will burn for the full amount of time till a half an hour after nightfall. Now this hat is a heter that is an opinion that says so it's only if a person is busy and desperate and doesn't have another choice say if a person relies on the leniency when he's not desperate then he's doing an is and therefore some say in this case you don't make and some say in general if a person lights from onwards he doesn't make and it's better to have someone else light for you in the real time than you lighting from pla that's how serious this is. Certainly, it's better to light yourself later in the night than lighting from pla because plaga is not not the the ideal right correct time. A question we often get is that someone is lining up on time, but he can't wait the full half an hour. He has to go to time. His car, his bus, his tank is is leaving. The minute is to stay a half an hour near the candles. He doesn't have time to wait a half an hour. What's my choice? I I could either light on time and it won't be a half an hour or I could come back and light later, but I'll be able to stay for half an hour. No, you should light on time. Don't push off delay the time because the time of lighting is critical. Stay a bit. You can't stay half an hour. Stay for a few minutes. Uh even says we don't stay the half an hour. A bit you can stay. But if you can't stay, you could always have someone else stay there. have a shame. A shimer is for two reasons. Shimemer is a so someone should be there for half an hour. But also s you can't leave candles burning on their own leaving them staying there and you walked out of the house. That that's a problem. So you should have someone else there. Where do we light them? So we light it as we mentioned nowadays we light it indoors. The the person the publicity is for the people in the house. It's not for the people in the street. And because in those days they lit it near the door. So we also light it near the door within a t of the door the way it was done in those days. Although it's indoors in some people are not very comfortable if we want them to light the near the door and they want to light it on the table. So if we have no choice we can light on the table but don't light in a place where normally candles are normally put throughout the year cuz it's not noticeable for the mitzvah says when it was a time of danger they allowed them to light it on the table. So we follow that principle when we have no choice when we're lighting for someone in and they don't want to light it by the door or by the window for those who have that custom but again it shouldn't mean a place where candles are normally lit were very particular in that it should not be by the window and the wrote that those who light by the window sometimes they actually are trying to accomplish the gain of having publicity for the street and sometimes they're losing out more than they're gaining. There's a lot to be said about mono lit by the window but then there's people in the window can't see there's people across the window's very high it's above 20 people in the family can't see because has the mon back so that's there's some minuses anyhow in lighting by the window but either way that's not meaning is to light it by the door not by the window we were talking till now about where to light the mon we were referring to we're in the house in which house do we light the monura person can have more than one house. So the hak is a person has two houses or two rooms in the same house. Most of us have more than one room in our house. We light in the room that we're eating in. So there's sleeping rooms and eating rooms. We light in the eating rooms, not in the sleeping rooms. But within eating rooms, that's a room that you eat on a regular basis. If a person is eating temporarily, just going to eat in someone else's house, supper, then you can't like it because it's not your house. If you have a regular arrangement, I eat always in this house and I sleep always in that house, then the house we eat takes priority. The Reb as specifically encouraged since it's a mitzvah of being our children and and we're me children to light candles. When they're the age of the custom became to already be educate them even younger age and they should do it in a way of mad and mahad the asked specifically we should have lighting at the kids' rooms which is their sleeping room which is their room the said it's not a sleeping room even though we're supposed to light in a place of eating not a place of sleeping them it's a room it's a mdash it's their bas that's where they do that's where they do that's where they do so they have a specific ask we should do that obviously should be done in a way that 100% safe is a different story. Normally we say that there's the eating room versus the sleeping room and the eating room takes priority. There's an advantage in the dormatory room because the eating room is not really the place they eat. That's like their restaurant. Nobody stays there. You come in there, you get your meals and you go. And B would of course prefer if the meals are being brought to them in the Z or the meals are being brought straight up to bed to their bedrooms. So there's a lot of piskim of contemporary prim that say that bakam should be lighting in the dorms of course in a manner that it's absolutely safe. The rebba told theb told a student in university that she should light in her bedroom in university. Um so there is something to be said about lighting in the bedroom. Girls in seminaries need to arrange in their apartments where they're living to light over there. Not not in the dining room. Certainly not in the house of one of the of one of the han members cuz that's not their house. Um in a way for girls the dining room is even worse to light than they cannot be with their father lighting if the father is first of all it's a question to be with the father's lighting if you're not home. It's a second question on top of that when it's a different time zone the seminary in a different country. We might get back to that. So they light in their apartment. People that have shared apartments. So what you have is that one person lights on behalf of everyone. Idea to in order to avoid any sh it's best that they should all chip in into the for the oil for the candles or whatever it is. Everybody has a part of it. And I even better is every night another girl will have a chance to light them. I want to read out a quote from the Taz on I think this is very important. A lot of people make this mistake and we emphasize it a few times but I want to read out the quote. The Taz writes that if somebody lives has a house in town and he's going once out of the house and he's going to eat by his friend, it is obvious that he should not abandon his own home and go eat in the house where he's eating just as a one-off dinner at his friend. He has to go back home in his own house. eating in a place for an hour or two and then you're coming home there's no logic whatsoever says the to light the over there it's like as if you're standing in the middle of the street which makes no sense the concept of lighting doesn't make sense in the street now he says there's no such thing as lighting the street he's not talking about the mitzvah there's an Indian of pursu to put lightings in the street is talking now about the mitzvah of that you can't do in the street as we mentioned earlier so same way in the street you can't do the mitzvah you can't do in someone else's house Just like the street. I've seen people that are eating dinner at a friend and they ask someone to send their candles there. These people are making a mistake. They don't understand what we're saying over here. So this thing that people made this mistake is already around hundreds of years. And the Taz already mentions this behavior that people will lie to at the party and the T says it's a mistake. People don't understand that's wrong. If a person by mistake went and lit the mana on the first night of Khan in someone else's house, he was not he should come home and shall light again the at home except for which he doesn't have to repeat again. But if a person lit the first night and the second night he realized, oh I'm supposed to light at home, then he should not again he shouldn't make on the second night. I mentioned earlier that women have the mitzvah of too but the meaning is it says that girls do not light their general meaning of not older girls not younger girls they through the father through the husband if a a woman does not have a husband her husband is not lighting at home whatever it is then she has to light the herself have to light for her the has to be an adult obviously not a child the related that the would sometimes leave his home before And he would ask that she should light him herself. In that case, there were times that the Reb specifically asked about gave an instruction about woman lighting, but that wasn't the general. The general over the years was that drills do not light them in Iraq. guest that are staying in someone's house. So they could be the mitzvah of Kaneka in the with the manura that's being lit in their own home but they still have the mitzvah of seeing the candles. The meaning is not to rely on the manura light that's in your house and a guest that had him there being lit in his own home lights again in the house where he's staying to be m lights any over there. But besides for that, it's important that he sees the candles. If he doesn't have anybody lighting a home, then he's to light them over here, at least participate in the oil. So he becomes part of the mitzvah in the place where he's staying. Unless he's not just a guest, but he's he became part of the family. He's he's a permanent guest. He eats there, he stays, eats there, sleeps there, whatever. People are in the hospital and cannot light over there. So they'll have to rely on the manura lighting that's happening at home. It's it's recommended that they should at least light also an electric man like we mentioned earlier the details of electric man but without people that are traveling. So we mentioned already you should make sure your trips on such a way that you don't have a problem of man lighting. Sometimes people are stuck they cannot cancel the flight. So some people say you have to cancel any flight but they can light in their home after that's great. If they're getting to the place with their landing it's before break of dawn they'll light in the place where they're landing they're going to be staying over there and the family is up there. If the family family members are up there that's the place they're staying they fly there. Lighting from plaga mika is really problematic. Especially, but if you're stuck, you can light from the plaga time because you have a flight tonight. But there needs to be people that are staying at home cuz if nobody's staying at home and everybody's flying and you like, never mind the safety issue. That's one issue. But besides for that, it's no long it's supposed to be burning and there's still members of the family that are home. Not everybody left and it's no longer their home. These people could be lighting in the car. People can light in a plane. It's obviously illegal. So that's practically not possible. They might have to light an electrical candle on the plane without the airport is not a place to light the you're not the mitzvah of lighting the in the airport. Same if you're driving and you don't want to lighten your car understandably. So you stop somewhere in the side of the road a gas station. You're not the mitzvah. It's pursu. That's great. But the mitzvah has to be done in your house. Arguably the plane is like your house. You can argue that the car is like your house but the airport is not like your house. So there is a to see candles and if you won't see any candles there's a mit to light the with to see the but the mitz cannot be that way and as mentioned earlier the right thing is that the whole family should get together when the manura is being lit. That's how we publicize the miracle. In fact in some places they scheduled manura lighting right before supper cuz that's when the family gets together and it's worthwhile even waiting to and not light them there on time. So everybody should be there if somebody's for some reason cannot be at home. So at least and the being in the home at least they should hear it the in another place we lie to we wear gartle men wear gle when they lie to and but we do not it is not our meaning to wear shabas clothing we light the manura on the right near the door on the left side unless there's no muz on the right side then we write light on the right side and we put the manura within instead of putting the tak near the door we try to put the manura in the actually in the door way. We put the monert on a chair. There's no particular order. If the man is facing north, east, west, south, that's not really an issue. The mana cannot be in a place where there's wind. If the if the person lit the man in a place with his wind and it got extinguished, it's almost as if you didn't put in oil and therefore you have to relight the and put in a full amount of oil again because whatever was lit till now didn't really count. You just don't make a on that. The minor has to be a certain height. It's not supposed to be above 10 and it's supposed to be it's supposed to be above three. So approximately 30 31 inches should be below 30 inches and it should be above 10 in. Now that's a bit of a safety issue because it's low and little kids can reach that. So some people will lie to above 10 above 31 in and you're still yita unless it's above 20 which is who knows how many feet 30 ft then you're not yita. But really even though one is the mitzvah fulfills the mitzvah they light it above 30 in 31 in really the mitzvah to do it under 10. Now the question is how we measure this. If we measure it with the we measure with the candles if at least part of the is below 10 f some people are all of the but if there's an issue with kids so we have no choice we have to rely on all these lenencies. If there's the issue of kids playing playing with the manura, when we put the manura down, we make sure there's a a shamish with which we're going to light all the candles. Our custom is that the shamish is made out of beeswax, not out of oil. And it's higher, taller than the rest of the candles. And if there's many people lighting, each one creates makes their own shamish. And the shamish should be in a place you could see it. And we do should not extinguish the shamish after we finish lighting. We keep the shamish there. You're supposed to hold, you're not supposed to light the candles until the candles are in their place. You're not supposed to hold the candles and then and light it as you're holding it. And we light the first one on the right and the second night we start go move from left to right. The sha should be lit before we make the braha. We hold it with our right hand unless we're talking about a lefty. We make the braha standing. Ideally, we should light the stand standing also. And we light it in a way. We make sure it it illuminates most most of what's sticking out of the wick. The part of the wick that's sticking out some oil should should be burning. And after we finish all the lighting all the candles we're supposed to light, we say hanu. We don't make any from the bra until we finish lighting all the candles. Make sure you put in the full amount of oil because if a person did not have the right amount of oil in the beginning could be he's not ya he has to extinguish it and reput the right amount of oil. A very very important piece of information is safety. I want to go through a few details about safety. First of all make sure the moner is in a flat straight surface marble surf. glass surface, metal surface. You could put silver foil in a place where it is. Make sure it's in the center of the surface, not on the sides. Make sure it's far away from anything which is um flammable like a tablecloth, a curtain, books, papers. Make sure it is sitting in a stable way, won't turn over easily. There's sometimes candlesticks that fall apart that don't sit very very well. Make sure it's in a place that kids won't be able to reach. Make sure that kids understand we don't rush by when there's candles there. If people have ga parts of gartl that hang out long dresses these things create sacas we're always supposed to have a proper shmeir a proper caution an adult watching where the manura is leaving kids without any supervision near lit candles is extremely dangerous kids should not have any access to a lit mana to matches to lighters etc. When kids are lying in an adult should be there, long hair should be pulled back together. Kids that are wearing shirts should have their the sleeves of the shirt in such a way that it's closed to themselves. And if people are going leaving home or going to bed after are lit, they should check well that all the windows are closed. There's no wind coming from any which could make the manura fall. There's nothing near the manura that could that could get onto fire. It's much better to extinguish the candles after the full shar than leaving candles without any proper shir. Make sure you have a smoke alarm which is a cheap um apparatus to have in your house but could literally save life and I could tell people when there's a fire as mentioned the meaning is that we stay near the candles at least for half an hour. Our min is that it burns for 50 minutes but we stay at least for half an hour. And part of the staying there besides that you're supposed to listen to what the candles are telling you and and learn in the light of the etc. But well more correctly not supposed to use the light of the mana for anything else. You're supposed to learn near the mana. You have the lights of the shish electric light there. But that we stayed if one of the reasons for the stay was also for safety. If a panel extinguished in the middle of the sh of the 50 minutes strictly speaking you don't have to relight it. But the meaning is to go and to go to do the proper mitzvah and to the minute we do relight it again. But with if however it didn't turn didn't burn very well because it wasn't catching onto the wick then you have to relight it because that means it's almost as if you didn't light it properly to begin with. You move the after the 50 minutes even the candle is still burning. If for safety reasons then you should move it even earlier but try not to move it too far and make sure you light in such a way that you won't have to move it afterwards. I want to go back to what I said a minute ago. Make sure I clarify. You're not supposed to use the light of the manura for anything else. You're not supposed to use the light of the shamish also. Therefore, we have an extra candle in our case electricity and therefore when we're doing anything near the manura, it's not considered that we're benefiting from the manura. We don't light the shamish candle from the lit man because we don't use them for anything else. After 50 minutes, you're allowed to extinguish the candles. But again, safety would override that. According to the strict, there's no problem extinguishing the candles after 50 minutes. The meaning is women have the meaning. They don't do any work for 50 minutes from when the from the time from the time of lighting. After 50 minutes, then they do any just not to the light of the candles. What called? What's called work? Sewing, weaving, laundry, ironing, cleaning the floor, cooking, baking, those are those are not really a problem. That means are so per the writes that letter that women are so permeated with the message of Kaneka that they have no connection with work during the time of man lighting. The Reb sit and learn to near the candles and the Reb spoke many times a lesson we're supposed to learn from this to increase intern candles have a very special kadusha attached to them and therefore we're very careful while the candles are burning not to be involved in so we take take that into account besides forgetting ourselves to light we get other people to light men everybody should light and that's why the reb asked to make a pursum in the most public place light the minur so people should know about the mitzvah and we encourage people at the public lighting is to light in their own homes and announce that they're not y with this public there should be a light in their own homes so if we're going to a person's business place and we want to publicize a miracle over there so he's not y cuz it's not his home but if you want to do it for pursuming this he has to be in a place that 10 people 10 at one in one go a otherwise he can't It's better instead of lighting in the store give them that they should light their home because sometimes you light in the you go to someone's store and light them thinks he did the mitzvah already and we're going to someone's house and a child is light a child an adult cannot be so it's we should not have the children light if a child lit the mana then the adult should light again without a Unless the adult wasn't planning a fulfilling mitzvah through the child, then he could light himself even with there's a mitzvah to eat. These are days of there's at least some level of a mitzvah to eat a suda. We thank Hashem. We sing praises to Hashem and when you do that for sure it's audit spoke many times sitting together with the family and somebody who's in a stage of mourning is allowed to join a party if it's in their own home. if they're doing to hashem etc. They're special foods that people eat a lot cuz donuts. I just want to mention one thing about the donuts. I'm not going to go through all the details but there are donuts that are baked. It's very common today's day and age. The donuts are not fried and if they're baked they really are unless it has the majority of it is other liquids not water or oil. In that case it will be and even then if you're eating a fixed amount it turns into so important to to recognize that the is set for the lighting. We don't make a for the day of because it's not that we that we say on the itself. So there's a person that cannot light manura did not light will not light will not see manura lighting. No one's going to light for him. He does not make you meet at least he should make for the there's no such thing. Now if a person is stuck and he cannot lay under lighting so at least what they can do is they can put on a new garment or eat a new fruit and say that and have in mind the fruit to garment and also the fact that it's we say hal the entire all the rules of hal apply tokah in some ways khan's hal is more than regular halal the custom in many places is that ladies do not say hal the reb wrote there's a letter an unsigned of that we have about this but if they could say hal of course that would be better comes the second night of kanek we start lighting two candles the only change we make is we don't say she and as I mentioned the second candles it's it's left to right it's different and hug them if you use reuse the wicks you don't reuse the the wicks from last night certainly if they're not burning they're not good anymore for sure we shouldn't use the wicks from last night and since it's more than one candle we wait to say till after we finish lighting all the candles together. There's a meaning of giving guilt on Kaneka. The would give Kanak on the fourth or the fifth night. In the year asked that we should give every night spoke a lot about Khan guild and that's how we make the for the children and we give them more than they imagine we're going to give them and get so excited they understand through this they're going to learn more to the spoke a lot about the importance of guild. So then the spoke about giving every night except for Friday night of course together with the idea of Khan which is one thing there's also the idea of sodaka is a time to increase in sodaka but there's also something special about connecting the kids adult should also get that would give to adults even after they were married sons daughter son sons-in-laws daughter-in-laws etc there's a special thing about and if a person has kanak obviously should be giving me from the khan gul and If Shabas Khan is a very busy day, you need to make sure that you light the min on time before Shabas comes in first and then we light and then we light Shabas counts unless a person doesn't have an early minion. So the light first and then go to shul tokah. It's important to prepare finish all your preparations for shabas in advance before candles are being lit. Everybody should be present at the time of lighting. And the women that are lighting candles should wait to light their Shabas candles until all the candles were lit, not just be there for one candle being lit. First candles, then Shabas candles. And we try to light earlier than the time of the candles will be enough time to light Shabas candles before the time of if somebody's eating out for Shabas. So eating out some you can't in a place you're eating out. But if you're staying for Shabas, you go to the to follow on Shabas. So that's your place for Shabas. You could light the on Friday afternoon and you could also light the there on Shabas because it still is your home. There's an advantage in your own home where you're going to be coming home later, but depends when you're going to come home. So if you want, you could light in the place you stay for Shabas. Even if you're not planning to sleep there because it still is your home, you want to be m light when you get back home. But don't wait until after midnight. And if it's after midnight already, you didn't light and you came home. As long as people are awake, then as we mentioned, as long as people awake till the break of dawn, you let a light going back to the So I mentioned Friday and I mentioned mat shabas. I want to go back a bit to the of Friday lighting. The candles have to be burning until half an until 50 minutes after half an hour after taste approximately and you're not yet to the otherwise. So it's important to make sure the candles are a safe place. You can't do anything once Shabas comes in and they're burning there properly. Now because there's issues of moving them on Shabas. So there's solutions to put something on the tray or at least on the tree. Some people say the tray won't work. some which is more expensive than the candles like a that's needed for Shabas. So you should be able to move the chair afterwards on Shabas. This only works if the purpose of moving this is cuz you need the area to use the area you need to pass by not because you want to protect the mana. So there is that of putting something on top of the chair. Alternatively, if the candles are out already, you can move the candles with your body, with your body, with your legs, with your elbow, with the back of your hand. You can, if you need a place of lemon, you can ask your go to move it. So, there are those who tell him as well because there could sometimes be a safety issue of having a in one place throughout the entire Shabas. Shabas this year is also, it's shabas, and important to remember all of those things. We say the special of and has all all the associated there and from there we move on to mab only after shabas is over. We go home as soon as possible not to push off the lighting properly. We first make then we light and then we go and we finish and we say and again we make sure that it burns for at least for candles burn always at least for 50 minutes. And the last day of Khan is when all the comes in and that's called this is the the calls it the battle attack the full attack on the is on when we have all eight candles burning the oil that's left over that were in the wicks in the glasses not the oil in the bottle needs to be burnt oil wicks because they were set aside for a mitzvah the glasses should be rinsed out and we shouldn't eat the glass you want to throw out. So do it in rapid properly. Don't do it in a way that's in a way of not not an appropriate manner. That's in terms of all wishing everyone over here. We should be able to see mdash. We should see the mdashi. We should see how they mdashed lover. We're all going to be lying to outdoors. And it's also going to be being is there's going to be the landing of may that take from all the organizers of the sh