Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur - For the LIVING and the DEAD; Part 1

this torah class is brought to you by torahanytime.com we're good okay good evening everyone welcome to the shir welcome to our home the last year before rosh hashanah and also the last one's united chair before yom kippur this is the last wednesday before yom kippur so there's this hashem we thank the bunch and he gave us a hus uh come together this year because in the height and that's the shrimp should give us the opportunity to come together again next year in good health and uh should give us good ideas and good topics to uncover the depth of the tarahak deutsche the shurim are sponsored by the zakheim mishpacha by dr mr and dr zakim and family lily nishmas who i believe the shleshim is tomorrow evening and tonight's shira is sponsored by robles schwarzel and ishmael's mother gita rivka bass rebuda libish allah shalom who is niftar and eloh and the shlosham is zayin tishrei or the nasham shavin aliyah so we have very interesting subject tonight the subject is more relevant to yom kippur than it is rosh hashanah nevertheless i think this will give us a deeper understanding of the yamaha din and it will take it to a completely different level here's the question the name of the fasta the holy shonraben and mafashim are bothered why do we say yom hakipurah rabbin which should be called yom kippur the day of atonement what's kipurim atonements why atonements just say yom kippur this question is raised by the baal tara tamima the tartamima wrote a commentary on hamish he is known as rabarak halevi epstein he is the son of the arakas he wrote a commentary on the hummish he was a controversial individual he has many controversial ideas in his forum but he's a great tamikham and a student of velajan a nephew of the nitsir a son of the arakas and he wrote a commentary in the siddhara called baruch umar and he's bothered by this question why is it called yoymaki puram lashon ravim it should be called yom kippur yahad so he offers the following two answers he says as follows he says based on apostol um we read it in the um before yamakipuram we say if your sins will be red they will turn white like snow if they will be like crimson they will turn into wool basically god says i'm gonna wipe away your sins but what's the metaphor if it's gonna be red it will turn white like snow if it will be like crimson it will be like wool what what's the difference between red and crimson what's the difference between snow and wool so basically they are the uh bark chalmers the baltar swimmer says as follows he says the two kinds of sins the young people who sin old people who sin who's worse is it worse to sin when you're younger or worse to sin when you're old it's much worse to sin when you're old because when you're young then you're restless you're the the blood is boiling it's a good thing uh everyone's young over here but the blood is boiling and you have taiva and desire and costs and you're you know you're all so it's understandable for a person to sin and you have a lot to fight against once a person is old and they're calmer and their blood has settled and they don't have as much desire it's less understandable to sin so therefore the pastor is saying if your sins are red shawnee is just regular red cash it will turn white like snow what's the widest kind of white the whitest kind of white is snow snow is the widest kind the snow white is the widest of all whiteness the mishna says in the gum the whitest the whitest shade of white is snow so if you sin when you're young and it's understandable that you sin it's going to turn white like snow but in yadimu toiwa if you sin when you're old then katsamruyu then it will only turn white like whoa so what do we see from here the different levels of kapara if somebody sins on a lower level then there's uh a lot of kaphara if someone sins on a higher level there's less kaphara so that means yom kippur does not atone across the board for everyone the same amount it depends how serious the sin is if the sin is not so serious yom kippur makes you snow white if you if the sin is very if the sin is extremely serious then then you're like you know an old white shirt you know you're like you're not so white so it says the the um from here we see that yom kippur does different things to different people depending on the severity of the sin therefore it's called yoima ki purim law shown robin because it doesn't do the same thing for everyone furthermore the ibar shamar says there are certain sins and then there are other sins if somebody sins just for themself they could get total kapara they could turn snow white but what if a person sins and they influence other people then the gemara says speaking beyo they don't they don't assist him to do cuba it doesn't mean it's impossible but it becomes much more difficult to do chuva so the passage is read like this on if your sin is red red it's what is shanim it's red red is it's inherently red it can't mean make anything else red so that's a sin that's a sin for a person themselves but they didn't influence anybody else that will be cascella galbino now then you'll turn white like snow but vim yadimo toila if you're like crimson crimson is a a die you influenced others you colored others then you're only going to turn white like wall so again we see there are different levels of kapara that's why it's called yam hakipuram there's kapara for small sins kappa for big sins kapar for small sins you turn white like snow kaphar for big sins nah you only turn like well i would add a very simple idea the gemara in uh yuma doesn't have paper from a base that rubbish taught there are four levels of kapara if somebody violates an assay you don't even need yom kippur you do chuva you know you do chuva and you're atoned for yom kippur is not needed so let's say somebody wakes up late and they say shema after this man so they were movato so you do chuba you you confess and you regret and you accept not to do it again you're good to go you're clean yeah you're clean what if somebody violates a love so if somebody violates the absolutes let's say somebody wore shotness so then uh chuva suspends and yom kippur wipes it off so you need chuva enyam kipper somebody violates jave krisos then chuva suspends yom kippur suspends but even yom kippur doesn't cleanse you somebody violates christos the gemara says a person needs more more more stronger detergent some person would need yesurim but we thought we look in shas and we see there are ways to get out of the surim through limara torah through shmira shabbis through what perhaps there are ways to get around the uh the the other surum and then what i am and then if somebody violates hashem chuva doesn't do it yum kippur doesn't do it usuram doesn't do it so what do we see from here yum kippur does different things for different sins for lavin it wipes it out for jave kristos it suspends it hashem it delays it so again that could be another reason why it's called yamaki purim because it there are different levels of kaphara for different sins yes what's the level of the wool or the come come come in it's a serious offense but it's at the same time it's it's got some confidence through it right so what would the analogy of will be in my am i would that be maybe if let's say somebody violated jave crisos and they did chuva and then yum kippur but again it's not totally cleansed so you need until the surim come you're only like let's say wool until you have the added detergent to get you from wool white to snow white maybe that's my conjecture yeah perhaps perhaps okay but um the main mahala i want to share with you today is something i've been thinking about for a little while i didn't have anything solid about this until the share was ready to go and then i added the final point i think the final point is uh is something very significant the basio safe in semen he quotes the mordechai and the mordechai says that you know the minogue israel in almost every shul is they make an appeal on yamakipuram they usually make a uh a yiscar appeal why says the base you say to give to dhaka for mason you have to give charity for the dead where do we learn this from from a safri it says by egg israel a ton of jewish people these are the living these are the mesen srikhan kapara we see from here the dead need atonement in fact the rayquake says why do we promise to give tsudaka for the masamunyam kippur there's an asakhta parsha's titsave ends with the subject of yom kippur parashat's ki sisa begins the nos no ish koi fernab shay what's the connection between yom kippur and giving tadaka you're supposed to give sadaka on yom kippur for the mason by the way if you look at number seven we had a guest here on shabbos rabbi avigdor quinn so we had him here and now i was talking to him he told me his nephew wrote might say shalom his brother-in-law ra is uh frank published at the mccray kaidos and his father-in-law is twice this hashem published the taisus in hamish so anyway taissa says what's the connection between the end of tetsava and the beginning of ki sisa the end of t'zadah talks about yom kippur the beginning of kisisa speaks about sadaka you're supposed to give sadaqa anyam keeper why the maysim need kaphara says the roy kayak what do you mean the maison need kaphara how i'm giving sadaka if the mason need kappara let them give let them give sadaka my credit card is maxed out let let them use their credit card zan says it but they can't mason can't give sadaqa so how does my tadaka help for a different guy so the best says this very interesting idea that hashem knows that this mace if he would be alive he would give sadaqa and even if he's poor if he would have money he would give sadaqa so since he would have and i'm doing it his would have and my doing it somehow combined but the the obvious question is why does this mace need kapara what does he need kapara for say may for the things he did when he was alive i mean didn't he already get kapoor that's you know he went there's a afterlife there's a gehenna and he got his god what is the masni kapara what's going on you're afraid that in the grave he went over to the guy next to him hey move over you know give me some more elbow space over here this is you know it's a little bit tight over here you know you you got a bigger plot than i did get it roll over you know what exactly was afraid the mace did what did he do he kicked the guy next to him he he stole some dirt from the guy when the guy wasn't looking he took some more comfortable hay and and he put it under his foot what what are you worried about i remember one time in uh i was once a rev in a place and uh one of the big jobs was um officiating at unveilings so one time we went out to long island and i drove some old yiddish froyon to the cemetery and they were talking about where it's a good place to be buried and one of them said you know in this place it's so noisy it's a racket with the highway overnight and the other lady said matilda when you're buried you don't hear the highway you know so what are we afraid the mace did already by the way there are a lot of things we do on yom kippur to bring khapara to the mesa look in the ramah number four um why do we say yusuke onion kipper why what are we remembering the mason for the hamesim gom ken yeshleim kappar magibum the dead have atonement on yom kippur says the ramon the moisha that's why it's called yoimaki purim it's a day of atonement for the living and today of atonement for the dead by the way rashi's talmud the master victory also brings that we give sadaqa anyam kippur for the maysim so that the mason should get kapara now in general aside from the fact that yom kippur is a day for the mason to get kapara there are other times that we bring apart to the mason for example on shabbos when you make uh calamali rakhamim the basilisk says in suman regis paid dallad that why do we make a kel molly on shabbos shabbos is a yoyo and even though maysim are taking it easy on shabbos the rest of the week they're very busy they have to go get i don't know they have to whether they're in gehenna or whatever they're doing but on shabbos they're able to relax a little bit so it's appropriate to remember them and to daven for them and uh that's why we we're we're mavari the maisim and we're maverick and then the basios says i'm going to bring you araya that the maison need kaphara and therefore it's worthwhile to give tzedakah for the mason he quotes us to free about the um eglar rufa by the way you know there's a there's a seifer on the subject of eglo arufa it's a massive safer on egla arufa biyon written by rebhaim kenyawski yeah so i got different perushim i got um goldberg rashiva tells ramanasha klein the toy susiamtif then then i said you know i have another one sure enough rabbi khayim kanievsky wrote an extensive commentary on the arkhas khanrak where he said it brings up a car for every single statement of the rush it's amazing somebody in in our general many people swore of yes amazing [Music] to have him in our generation but the best says quoting the safri that if there's a murderer then not only do the living need kapara the and therefore likewise you should give sadaka for the mason and then the basically says maybe it's not araya maybe just the mason are liable if there's a murderer but not if you give sadaqa maybe it doesn't help them the bottom line is claudius throws no egg that we give charity for the poor we somehow neman that maison need kapara so somebody asked me that when we got to uh pastor schweif tim already yeah someone answered that i have a note over here from ravitan finer with very nice mara mccoymize why we break the neck specifically but that's a very good question anyway masonica let's talk for a moment what's that luck if somebody brings a carbon katas somebody takes a cow um a sheep and his mouth first has a karma katos and then the owner dies what do you do with that carbon yeah you basically have to let it die it's it's a hat it's uh it doesn't do anything anymore why the gemara says in hyrules so this contradicts the whole uh premise that mason need caparo we know karma katus if the owner dies you can't do anything with it because masim can't get kaphara sir bjakube then asks this question in sunrise pedal look at number nine he said that's no that means they're not in kaphara but they could still get kapara there's a menagonian kippur islam there's a minority that we light the neroys for the mesen the rama says says yeah that's every everyone writes candles on yom kippur to make her from asim what do they need kapoor for by the way another important halacha that's not so well known and we usually say it every year is aside from lighting a candle for a mason your parents are alive you light another candle for yourself and that's called the nerna shama so if somebody has to light a yardstick candle they light for the relative and an additional one for themselves every married man lights a candle for themselves on yom kippur it's called the nerbauri that's every every person likes that and perhaps you need a third one for havdallah that means a minimum of two and uh if somebody has to like your time okay so let's understand right in other words if for whatever reason mason need kapara for how long do they need kappa forever every single young kid but every year we worry he elbowed the guy next to him what if we make sure that he's in a metal cage right and he ca he can't elbow the guy next to him so then then he doesn't we don't have to light exactly for how long we're going to see i think it's going to come at a very big interesting nafkamina let's talk about agumar and marcos for a moment what's the halacha if somebody kills the shoi gig how long do they have to stay in the air mikula for ad mace congo until i can't gentle dies what happens if the guy dies first where do you bury him in the ari macleod but the guy bought a twenty-five thousand dollar plant on harazi-sim and now he has to be buried in uh i don't know in shechem the guy here he has a plot waiting for marzipan next to his whole family he's stuck in the arena o'clock shanti what if the guy dies and they bury him and then the kayingado dies we we exhume him and we take him to his ancestral plot says rashash ah really that's a raya mason get kapara because until the kind god died he he had a b in the ari mikhail he had to get kapoor there and then once the kangaroo dies he gets kapoor even as a mess so we see says in marcus you shall light a candle for a mess on yom kippur so a few weeks ago maybe about six weeks ago i was leaving the city of lemberg and uh there was so much traffic we were not able to go to the destination that we wanted to which is a monument for the taz and i said we have to go we came to lemberg not to be in lumber to go and people were no we can't go we're gonna miss the flight and i was thinking so what was the flight this is what we came so we went in a taxi and and they're saying no we're going to miss the flying missile flight and i was diving you bunched them i came to other end of the world to get to this monument get please get us and the last moment the taxi driver says you know what i think i know how to go he he went through the streets he said go to the end of this narrow alleyway after the hospital run so we did it we ran and we came to the cover of the shustyakov and here we have it on the sheet we have it on the ship orenstein yes and he has one very simple question let's say you have a guy he fasted on yom kippur and not only did he fast on him kipper he stayed up all night and how did he stay up all night he said the whole tell him now i need to say the hotel he pledged money by the call nidre appeal by the iscore appeal by the nail appeal not only that the guy stood on his feet for 24 hours the only thing he didn't do is he didn't do chuva what has islam kipper done for this guy zero nothing he'll get scared for standing i guess and maybe but he won't get any kaphara yum kipper does nothing if you don't do chuba that's now not everybody agrees to that rabbi holds itsuma yamahaper rabbi holds the day itself is mahaprabhu by the way there's a hidden uh rabbit that on the day that rebbe passed away a basketball cried out that anyone who came to rebbe's funeral will go straight to islam so if you hold like rebbi even without chuva if you hold like there's a indian that on the day someone dies we follow them so on the day rabbi died we follow him that it's happened there for me by itself so yeshua sayaka says a similar kind of idea you ready for this he wants to know how do mesom get kaphara on yom kippur yom kippur does nothing without shiva and masim can't do chuva right mason can't do chuva so masim can't do chuva what does yom kippur do for them why does yom kippur only work if you do chuba because if a guy is is experiencing yom kippur and he doesn't do chuva then it's like he's being brazen he's saying i'll sin and yom kippur will take care of me but we know yom kippur doesn't do anything if you don't take advantage of the mitzvah so someone who is alive and has the opportunity to do chuva if he doesn't do true volume kipper does nothing but a mess is not able to do shiva and since a mess is not able to do chuva yom kippur is makhapur by itself it's sumer show yeah now like yes yes so how many yum kippers does this mess need yeah so it says like this very rarely is someone passed away right after yom kippur most people pass away in between from in between right now whatever aveiros you did before the last young kipper so the last kid for a person's life is makape but what's majapera the final five six seven eight nine months of life those nine months you're up the creek without a paddle because the rest of your life you had yom kippur three mahaprabhu what about all the time you lived after the last yom kippur so for that the issue is says you have yom kippur after a person dies that yom kippur's for the last part of their life now who are we to even be methodical what the issue is says but it's hard to understand this approach because then it would come out if what in between or if a big saddic died in between cracked right right but according to this approach it would come out that if somebody died six months into the year yeah you only need one young kipper and after that you don't have to light the candle anymore for the guy in other words this could save people a lot of money here's hey how come you're not giving for the yom kippur appeal so what are you talking about the mess he died 79 years ago i only gave year one why are you laying a yard side candle for what uh he only needs the first yum kipper maybe in other words if it's only you need the first yom kippur's after the first yum kipper you're good to go it doesn't seem like there's an idea that you may seem need yum only the first yom kippur did you ever hear there's something special about the first young kemper i never heard of such a thing according to the shiva syakov it comes out all you should need is the first yamakipuram some don't even do ysgar some don't even wear a kittle so this is very hard to understand that mason need kapara for the last year of their life then it would come out that only for the first time but not after that [Music] so there's a very interesting idea bro in the safer de vera hakadesh and he quotes the gemara in that the owner died the we let the animal die because mason don't get kaphara says the gemara this idea that makes them don't get kaphara is only if an individual sends but what if it's the carbon catastro and then a bunch of people die you still bring the carbon katas why do you still bring the karmakatas because the sibor can never die there's a concept only an individual could die that zebra can never die so the khattos of a yachid becomes obsolete when the balaam died the khattas of the zebra could still be brought so from here we see there are two kinds of kapara needed you need kaphara as an individual you need kapoor as part of the seaborn so it could be this idea that maysim need kaphara and yum as individuals perhaps they can't get kaphara but as part of the sibor of claude israel they could get kaphara rip me told me that he asked a very good question he once asked he saw reisman that we do kaparas even for an uber what do you what do what does the uber need kaparas for so maybe you say because taco by the uber they are kicking you know move over i need some more space they you know they make the mother uncomfortable in fact i once recently read about one of the great rabbis that when they did chuva for uh hurting their mother okay but and so riseman said for so maybe they need to do chuba for tom they did in a previous gilgal yeah but that well that won't apply to a mason because the maison ready got kaphara what was the other answer it's an atonement for the jewish people oh so that's similar to this answer they they get kaphara as part of the sibor of claudia song here's another idea and then i'm going to tell you what i think is uh ms amitoi i didn't find anybody who says it maybe because it's just so obvious i hope that's the reason i think it's i think it's very uh true does anybody remember the gemara massachusetts was after he died he was lying in the attic for 22 years and they wanted to see whether worms would rule over him or he was like such a sad like worms couldn't eat him and no worm touched him except for at the end of 22 years a worm came out of his ear and he said you know why the worm came out of his ear because one time he heard someone criticize that he didn't speak that's the gemara so the pikudaika i have a question why did he only get this kapara after 22 years what exactly happened in year one the worm didn't eat him year or two the worm didn't eat him you're 17 the world what happened in year 22 that the worm ate him he didn't protest when he was alive so he didn't protect his life he wasn't punished presumably because yom kippur was so what happened in year 22 that 22 years later all of a sudden he needed a kapara she a very a profound idea we know hashem the greater someone is the holier they are the more hashem is exacting with them hashem is but so in year 1 and now sadiq after they die they go they go higher and higher and higher so in year one revelation was on a very high level but not on a high enough level that three bonus one would have found fault with him for that minor infraction of the situation where he should have protested and therefore he didn't need kaphara then and he's moving higher and higher and higher and higher until after 22 years he was so great that now he needs kaphara he didn't need kapara before because he wasn't on a high enough level that this would be something that the ubuntu would hold him accountable for so then it would come out like the issue we could put this together with yeshua sayaka we asked on the ish well we said according to that mason need kapara for the aveiros they did and the end of their life they didn't have yom kippur for so then all they should need is one yom kippur so it could be as the years progress and somebody raises and gets a greater in in madriga then they need more of a kappa now i want to share with you an idea this is the game changer this is the this is the east side of the night this hit me right i already put marimokum number 19 on the sheet and i thought okay it's an interesting share you know the dead getting it's interesting share this is the clincher i remembered in my master and you know the the the master which has a translation of each line from burn bam right he brings a lot of things there from the ram khao and from reprimand friedlander i remember he said on the cry noise s i remember he said this idea that on rosh hashanah hashem doesn't just judge the living hashem judges every blade of grass every animal anybody who ever existed even mason i remember he brought this idea from the ramhal that hashem judges the maysim on rosh hashanah so i said wait a second if god is judging the mason then whatever reason they need to be judged might supply us with the reason why they need kapara she said why was it and then i remembered he said and he quoted the ram khal but actually the ram khal doesn't say this the raphaim friedlander says this you know why mason need judgment because whatever judgment they got last russia to say why to make some knee judgment what did they possibly do the guy's lying in his grave he's chilling out the whole year he hasn't moved in iota you know that he's still there he's on harmony he has not moved he hasn't flinched what does he need to be judged for you know why he says abraham freelander because that person had friends who he sat next to and show and he had children and he had grandchildren and he had people who he knew and people who knew him and he influenced people in his lifetime for good and for bad and whatever the repercussions were last year rosh hashanah tough shin pay millions of more mitzvots were done perhaps millions of alveros were done because of this guy so we rip up last year's judgment and we judged the guy again based on his actions not of this year of what he did when he was alive because whatever judgment we came out last year is irrelevant now because you know how many more things the ripple effect the reverberations of this person's lifetime are completely different this year than they were last year look at number 21 the subsequent says hashem examines every act that was ever done from the beginning of time meaning yeah a person might have done an avira and it was judged last year it will be judged again this year because upon you surah khadam hashem judges man every man that lived from brian even though they died amazing they're already judged for those who are alive the answer is but the person has children grandchildren talmidim friends acquaintances somebody saw how he davened either letove or lemutov and last year there were 400 mitzvahs because of them now they're 5 000. so we have maybe we need to give him more reward or maybe hashem we have to give more punishment it's almost as if whatever god decided for a human being who existed last year it's irrelevant now well was it relevant the reverberations have exploded exponentially in the last 365 days and therefore god revisits judgment on every single person who ever lived so what's the question why mason need kaphara there's a question why mason need kapara we ask what they do in the last 365 days the answer is they didn't do anything but the ripple effect of their my sim is exploded exponentially and i think we could humbly suggest that's why yom kippur is yam that's why mason need kapara what do you mean they had last year the shush yakub says they had last year what does last year got to do with anything you know how many more this year there's a new generation they're more people the ripple effect yeah the ping-pong effect of this person's lifetime had tremendous repercussions and i think this is something to bear in mind in general to heighten awareness of our mice in our lifetime that whatever we do today whatever we think whatever we say whatever we do in our life it's not like okay hashem will judge us and then it's then then we're finished our lifetime has eternal reverberations until the end of time there's no end have no rest in the afterlife every day they're going up and up and up and up so we we know that everything we do has eternal consequences but this takes it to a whole different level every act that we do will be examined again and again and again what will the repercussions be of what we did in our life le toive o le mutave and that's part of the ima and part of the reverence of the yom naram thinking about somebody could be already messed 3000 years ago and all of a sudden he thinks he's chilling out he's resting comfortably under comfortable shade in the holy land on top of a mountain he has he already elbowed out all the people next to him he thinks he's oh no no no who's there sebastian shama again pal you haven't seen anything yet we were we just got going last year people get their their tick on but nevertheless this is uh idea that i think the ancient knesset are conveying hashem doesn't just judge those who are alive hashem judges those who are not alive but that means even for us hashem this year we'll be re-judging everything we did in our entire life and what the repercussions of that what the effects are and how we drive try to correct it and what we were able to do to try to enhance our influence let's have on other people give us the shemaya to to understand with conviction how everything we think everything we say everything we do has great reverberations throughout the world throughout the universe affects our friends affects our family affects our chavirum affects our neighbors and this is hashem if we live with that kind of awareness then you've just experienced another torah class brought to you by torahanytime.com