Shmita | Fruit & Vegetables of Sheviet - Abandoning crops

[Music] we're going to start another section now in the laws of shemitah they are in the order of the there are other concepts that we need to learn but i'm going to skip some of them we'll go back to them but i want to more focus on what we need to do practically in our home because i see that a lot of people don't even know what to do inside their home how you deal with your food and vegetables after you already bought them how do you deal with the peels and the remaining what can you do what you can do who to buy from a lot of people will go by what's called i wouldn't necessarily count on so in so that's why i feel some of the other things are less important right now is when you want to have your own field when you want to use nurseries and how do you say uh another hot er how do you call hamama greenhouse greenhouse so we'll skip this for now and i think more important to learn about the kedusha the holiness of the perot of the vegetables and fruit of sweet and then how to deal with everything in the kitchen later on we'll do other stuff so today we're going to start a whole new chapter the chapter is called pirochvit the fruit and vegetables from the seventh year now the definition here is is about the perot bishop at the time that they are being grown kitty fataman after you take them off the tree because right now any fruit or vegetables that are are grown in the land of israel in the seventh year they have on them dusha that is called kuduswit now we have to learn how am i allowed to eat these fruits because there are scenarios that you can eat it if it's healthcare go and eat it now we need to know in order to learn all the rules and we first have to make a few definitions and that's what we're going to do today and we're kind of going to need to build the next few classes in order for us to learn what it does it means that the the status of the fruit and the vegetables in the year of shivering is called now it means i have to eat it in a certain way and some cases i can't even eat it and when i do eat it how exactly i take care of the remainings i mean you peel an orange what do you do with the peel if the orange is has on it could do it now of course the loophole in many cases is just to buy from an angel but nevertheless not to talk too much let's learn the laws it's going to take us a few classes to lay down the foundation but it's very important because after all we the whole year we need to learn how to deal with our food with the fruits and vegetables so again the title is called the the ducha the holiness of the fruit and vegetables in the seventh deer while they're being grown and while and after they're being pulled off the tree or out of the ground so it says as follows we have a positive mitzvah from the torah al-habbe alim for the owners of the fruit and vegetables lefkerata in order to abandon the fruit and the vegetables so if i have now a field or a orchard i have a positive mitzvah from the torah to come publicly and declare this is all healthcare i'm abandoning my field now what does it mean that you can come into my field and take whatever you want you can now go into an orchard pull the the oranges there and eat it even if they were they're growing right now in the month the year of shmitah but now let's first define the owner so the owner has to if i have a land fruit vegetables orchard whatever it is and i own a land i have to abandon the fruit and the vegetables publicly okay now it's not only it he says as follows fruit vegetables versage and anything else it grows because one might say oh you know how about mint leaves it's not really considered a vegetable or maybe rosemary is that considered a vegetable it's just a herb so he says fruit vegetables and anything else that grows and i know many people want to know what to do with marijuana we're going to have to uh talk about that separately because that's i'm not talking about for somebody who just wants to get high i'm talking about medicinal a lot of people just using the medicinal for the other purposes but nevertheless it's something that's grown from the ground you have to you know here is talking about something you eat but we have to also talk about what the other stuff and even if you smoke it i know it sounds a little bit pathetic to talk about it but has to to approach it exactly so it's also smelling uh eating benefiting and to what i just said smoking so again i'm not now coming to promote anything but many people are dependent on medicinal marijuana or cannabis they need to know what to do so he's saying here the owner of the field or the orchard has to abandon fruit vegetables and anything else that grows you're right because we talked in the first few classes that also anything that you benefit smell from also falls out of the category now it says as follows that there's a positive mitzvah where do we learn this mitzvah from this can be found in the book of shemot chapter 23 verse 11 and it says but in the seventh year you shall release release it and abandon so we have a positive mitzvah from the torah okay and if you want to learn a little bit more about it you can go to the teachers of from the book of mitzvot and he says mitzvah medalled mitzvah 134 and and this is under the category of hochschmittal the laws of shemitah and jovel jubilee so first of all we have to conclude that this is a positive mitzvah from the torah and you have to do that now what do you do you abandon all the fruit and vegetables that are grown in your field and the halacha ads are in your backyard so you can come and say right now hey i'm not a i'm not a farmer i only have a few vegetables in my backyard that you also have to abandon too therefore i'm not allowed to lock my field you're not allowed to put a fence around your field and to put a lock not only that you're not allowed to lock your your orchard or even your backyard why because right now you have to abandon it and anybody can come in and take it now of course if the field is completely empty then we're not talking about that we're talking about a field only when you have any type of fruit vegetables crops or whatever that has on them the holiness of sweet you're not allowed to even put a guard in front of your orchard not only that you're not allowed to put even another a not only a a guard i'm not allowed to prevent in any type of a way with a fence with a dog with any type i'm not allowed to prevent the person from coming in and why would a person come in to take the fruit if you drive now and you see a field you are a hundred percent allowed to go into the field take whatever you want right but it has meat on it it has the status of a holy fruit or vegetables that's what we're going to have to learn because that's how you a that's one of the loopholes but nevertheless nevertheless you're not allowed to prevent the person from coming into your field of the orchard even if you're saying no no no i'm only preventing a person from coming in in order so i can collect it and later on give it to the right people you're not allowed to do that the field and the orchard has to have tall access to it next what is it if let's say a person is not up to or observant or he doesn't know the rules i forgot even if i didn't abandon my crops nevertheless anything that i own is still considered healthcare so doesn't matter even in healthcare healthcare the the definition of healthcare is unclaimed property that's really the definition of healthcare or you know some translate hefker is no man's land so even let's have a field and there's vegetables there and i didn't do i didn't do an official abandoning and it's still called considered half kill which means that if i ate it i ate from half kill fruit i'm i'm good to go if now by the way just to give you an example let's say i have a lemon tree and the lemon tree is kind of going out of my house into the street if somebody will now go and pull uh fruit a lemon off and eat it then that's gazelle they stole my lemon why because it's in my house the fact that it went out to the streets that's irrelevant so i'm telling you that you know as a rule because on the way to the from my house to the sans mikveh there's a beautiful lemon tree in somebody's backyard and it's uh and half of the trees in the street so one can come and say oh look a beautiful lemon and take it it's not yours you don't have to take it this is a hundred percent guzzle unless the person will put a sign on the fence you can eat from the lemon tree okay then i can eat from the lemon tree a few years ago i mean not a few a while ago i came when i lived in america i came to visit israel my mom took my kids they were little kids and she went for a walk with them then they saw uh orange tree in the street they uh took down the the oranges and made oranges until what are you doing this doesn't belong to anybody who says that there's hefco on this tree i don't know if the municipality abandoned all the trees if they did then you're good to go but what if they didn't and this is belongs to the to the municipality that's that's gasol you can't eat that you can't drink that so you have to be very careful with where you're pulling tree uh fruits from but nevertheless let's say now in the year of shemitah i went down and i pulled one of these lemons i have no problem because even even if the owner didn't abandon it it's still half kill so i can go and eat the lemon directly from the lemon tree down the street and if this is the case anyone who wants take it's hefkel and here he says as a side note that the hazonish he brings all the the proof why that would be considered why even if they didn't abandon it will still be considered healthcare if somebody has a question and he takes us to a source in the book of independence 42 i know it's not so important for us to get into it but just that you know if you do question how can it be that if i didn't abandon the truth the fruit it's still half kill and the hazoni says yeah yeah i have enough proof for you that that it is you have nothing to uh worry about if you don't mind let me just go through the next then we'll do all the questions next next i'm allowed to prevent from a non-jew and from animals from taking from the fruits of chevit so let's say i have a uh field i have an orchard i'm allowed to prevent cows or any type of animal to come in and eat from it why because i want it to be healthcare and i want people to enjoy it so i'm allowed to prevent from a non-jew and to prevent from an animal and we're not comparing an andrew to an animal by the way no i don't know people getting ideas that's not what the torah says a lot of people think that torah is very prejudiced is not comparing an angel to an animal it's just saying it's two different categories because the non-jew doesn't have the doesn't apply the rules of swede and an animal is an animal nevertheless uh he said the rambam says what happens if a animal comes to uh he gives an example of a fig tree that an animal comes and eats the the the fig the fruit and then technically if the animal belongs to bar to somebody then the owner is liable to bring the fruit back and if it's an animal you can't force the animal to give it back where do we bring it from as it says in the verse for the animal that is roaming the land any anything from the crops is free for them to eat om nam but i'm not allowed to take from a non-jew the fruit shekhvar zakhabehem that he somehow gained them or took over them because many people what they do is they rent or they sell their field to an anjo in the year of shemitah kind of similar to what we do on pesach so once the non-jew has possession over the fruit i'm not allowed to take it back from him why and what's the rule here because the perot the fruit of swede is considered healthcare abandoned also for the non-jew they also allowed to come and take it the same way i'm not allowed to scare off an animal that comes close to my field and that it came already and started eating from the crops that came under the tree and started eating so if i have a field or an orchard and an animal came in i'm not allowed to scare it off okay next and again i'm just going through some major rules tech will take questions and then we go through more important information will take from the crops of the seventh year oh why and why would somebody be afraid of that because what's going to happen now that if a non-jew comes and takes my fruit from chevit and then he goes and sells it to you then you bought thinking that you bought from a non-jew and really it came from me from a jew that's another reason why i have to be very careful who you buy the fruit from and i told you already here in spain on wednesday when they have the market a lot of the arabs that come and sell i'm talking i'm not talking about sweet i'm talking about even for myself they buy it from jews and then they come and sell it to you they're just agents or merchants and they come and buy it for cheap or the the farmer doesn't have the the ability to come and bring the fruit here they sell it and now you buy it from an anjou and you think that it's exempt for marcel but really it came from a jewel so this applies for masroad and for our year in swede so you got to be careful and don't believe the guys in the market that they tell yeah it's kosher that's what they do yeah yeah it's kosher the rabbi gave a blessing rabbis don't give blessings to make fruit kosher but nevertheless if i have i'm afraid that argenta i will take the fruit and vegetables from the year of shavit oh hoshes or i'm afraid on a whole different thing that somebody will walk into my field and do damages because when i abandon my land anybody can come in so some people come in and they just take the fruit but what if somebody just came and they do damages or they climb on the tree and they break the the the branches i i don't want damages in my orchard it's a business so i'm afraid for people to come in if this is the case you're holy no let a shower then you're allowed to put a gate into lockets but if that's your fear maybe you live and next to places that they do vandalism sometimes people live you know on the border of aza it's called they're afraid of vandalism there that's a lie a legit scare but the condition is shelled by bullet you have to put a huge sign that is very uh obvious and if you want turn to me i'll give you the key so the loophole here is if you have a field or an arch or whatever put aside first of all put a sign the parotis have killed you one from my lemon tree that's in the street come and knock on my door i'll give you lemons but you have to have a sign for that so again not all of you are farmers then you have a field but you might have a tree in your house that goes out to the street and i see many people that coming and pulling things from my backyard you know in my uh flowers in the how do you call flower pots the there's a certain uh it's not even a flower it's just a nice bush that if you break it and you kind of open it and you put it in water for a few days and then you plant it it will replant itself and i see people just coming and ripping it off and one time i was outside and i told the person why are you ripping it so she attacked me i said this is a private house why are you ripping the bush you want to come to take a piece come to me i'll give you a little piece well why are you ruining it like that that's not nice forget about she was an observer says forget about the halacha problem here why are you ruining it's not not appropriate so in many cases people come and do damage and and it's your own private property so if you have a backyard or a frontier doesn't mean you have a tree you have to put a sign this is a half kill if you want come and knock on my door i'll give you some of the lemons or the oranges or whatever it is so you have to do it and by the way it doesn't have to be elementary even if you have mint leaves you have nana whatever and it's falling into the to the street because some people might think oh it's the shutter beam it's the domain for everybody everybody can take from that no no no no it's not reshoot you have to ask so you have now you have the responsibility to put a sign next question since the status of the fruits of it's called healthcare they're abandoned and i'm not allowed to to commit that i will give the fruit away saying in other words let's say i have a field i can't come now to some school or uh whatever fruit bank how do you call it a soup kitchen or something like that or pantry i can't come and tell them listen i'll provide you all the fruits because a lot of people say hey i have a field let me at least donate all the fruits so i'll give it to these organizations but you're not allowed to because it's not yours the second that you did have killed the center that you abandoned it's not yours so how can you commit now to somebody that you'll give it to them so you can't simple alaha why nobody you know the owners of the fruit or the vegetables next we're going to have to learn in a different section something that is called otsar beidin the treasury of the beijing because a lot of people what they do is they give their fields to the beijing now we're going to have to learn separately but i'm going to tell you that even if i gave control to the begin to the jewish court over my field the baiting is not allowed to limit them and who is going to take the fruit and vegetables anybody can still come and take it the bay dean doesn't own it and it's important that we know all this because this is where the concept of heterogeneity is born and a lot of people go by go to any supermarket they tell you i'm allowed to sell it but i can tell you already that the majority of great rabbis don't don't agree with the term and they say this is uh disqualified don't buy it so i'll explain to you the concept you decide for yourself what you want to do if you're asking my personal opinion don't buy heter next how is about when i have a herb or something that is not like uh that it only grows in a season if you have a orchard of oranges then the tree is the same tree for the 50 years but every year brings its fruit some things for example like bananas they grow and then the trunk it doesn't really stay dies and you replant it again and many other things it's called that it's it's grown one once a year and then it dies they become automatically hafkel the second that they start uh rooting down right the second that the roots start going down into the ground automatically they become half-killed and fruit that coming from a tree nessie with me they become healthcare from the moment that they start growing the the fruit themselves next and again these are very important rules to remember for the next chapters we are going to learn it's kind of an introduction uh he says here be perfected in the 15th chapter we will explain more in depth we're going to learn in depth when what a period exactly the fruit the vegetables and anything else is a is a becoming with the status of should we eat in this exact time we can know when you have to do the have kill because sometimes you have a field or an orchard and there's nothing there in the beginning just imagine now we started a shvit in sukkot in rosh hashanah some of the orchards there's nothing there just a tree and the fruit only show up in the winter so that we're going to learn exactly when it starts how about next year that i have a vegetable and it started growing in the sixth year but it's matured in the seventh year that can happen with potatoes or onions it takes them more time to to grow it it's automatically become effective automatically changes its status and the last but not least and now we don't have a problem with it we're going to have a problem with it next year how about a talk so this sukkot we didn't have problems with the trogim they came from last year but next sukkot we're going to have an issue because we're all going to go and buy a tog this is an attack 100 that came from the seventh year it wasn't able to to hold from the sixth year so it says as follows i don't know the word in it in english i'll tell you what it is you'll tell me if you know the word in english the moment that the fruit is becoming edible that's called hanita so sometimes you see the fruit on the tree but you can't eat them the moment that it turns its status that it's edible this is called hanitatapri that the fruit is ready to eat and to some extent i mean when do we need to know that we need to know that not only for shabbit we need to know that from our throats because you know there's periods when you start giving them a sail but nevertheless there is an opinion that says the the point that not only that their one opinion says that they're edible but another opinion says that they're uh got to a point that if you take their seeds they can grow new trees from that this is called in hebrew it's called bachelor it's not only that you can eat them because some of the fruit that you eat if you they're ready to be eaten but if you take the seeds they're not going to grow to anything they're called like stale sterile seeds so some to some opinion the the the the hanita is not only that you can eat the fruit but you can also use their seeds to grow another tree and there's another opinion and some opinion says the the fruit is not only ready to eat but also that the the flower around the fruit fell down already fell down from the tree but nevertheless this is the definition so how is about an atog now next year we're going to buy a truck for sukkot i know it sounds like next year it's going to go like that and a few weeks is pulling well not a few weeks but purim is around the corner i mean we just did chanukah so to this year we have a deep year so it's a little bit longer but before you know it pesach will be here and then we'll go like that so it says as follows a talk that started showing the the fruit or that the fruit was edible bushy sheet that it started showing but shishit and it went into the sweet okay even though we tend to take the more firm and uh extreme opinion because most opinions will tell you oh no no no even though it started in shishite but it went into the sweet it has to okay because what's going to happen next year somebody might come and give you an ethrog and he will tell you don't worry the khanita started in the shvit in the shishit yeah but it went into the sweet so the strict opinion will tell you no no no no no it has it on it nevertheless but the owner of the field is not allowed to keep the stroke because that might have the status of hefkel to take it because we don't know if it's real healthcare or not so we can't take it from the owners and maybe maybe it's not half killed so next year we're going to have to be very cautious how we're buying that rogue whether it came from the shishi it came from it it is have care it's not healthcare that if it's healthcare then the person can sell it to you so we're going to learn of course more in depth in this uh chapter how to deal with it but we'll have to remind you also next elul uh before you buying your game you gotta be careful where do they come from they they come a hundred percent from sweet or maybe they started the process of hanita in shishite then then technically there's not a problem but to even the strict opinion will tell you yeah but they went into the sweet then it has the dushavush so then it will have a double kadusha they could do their talk and of schmidt so that will uh change the status of how we deal with it all because some people what they do with their drug some people make a jam out of it some people just burn it with the commits so excuse me yeah wine yeah but now we're going to have another addition here because it might have the sweet now if it has to do with it then i have to get it from healthcare or there's going to be conditions how i can buy it so now it's not so important we still have the winter in front of us but just that you know that there's different status on that road and we're going to have to learn on that uh down the line with that we're concluding the preparation or the introduction to the chapter of how do we deal with the fruit and vegetables sorry how do we define the fruit and vegetables of sweet what is healthcare what is not healthcare now i i can know how can i buy it who can i buy it from how can i grow things if i grew things how can i give it you can go now into any field and take whatever you want which is that's what a lot of people doing they're going to fields that are half kills but nevertheless we're going to have to learn that and once we learn that well now we can go into the kitchen and know what i do with my my with my vegetables because if i got a vegetable from an anjou it was imported then it doesn't have to eat on it then how i dispose the remaining is not so important but if i did get it with kudusachevite then i need to know what to do with the peels with the remaining of it it has kadusha on it i can't just throw it to the garbage so you have to make like a little a separate garbage bin in your kitchen in case you haven't done it yet but we're going to go through all the rules hopefully we'll do it quickly pretty quick in case you are not a hundred percent knowledgeable what needs to be done but in the meantime just know that any fruit that you got that is sourced from the land of israel and the jew then has only the status of shvit and it means that there's a way how to dispose the garbage and of course how to eat it zadashem will continue learning again till we till we master it [Music] you