Shmita | Fruit & Vegetables of Sheviet - The prohibition of after-growth - Sefichim איסור ספיחים

[Music] we're going to cover today the concept that is called isosphere the this is plural singular says it's called sephia and the translation of after growth and i will explain now in the entire class first of all what does it mean and what is considered after growth and what do we need to do with that so it says as follows grain kidney oats vegetables the sade and everything that grows in a field and that's very important because it's only concerning what grows in the fields what grows on a tree there's no sufficient there so just to repeat we have a grain which grows in the field lugames grows in the field vegetables or anything else that grows in a field and more than that hani that you have to plant every year not that it will grow that something that grows all the time some humans mom that happened to grow by themselves i didn't do anything it just grew when vishnu so like legumes i thought it was the lugumis though okay kidney hot but anything that will grow by itself during the year of shemitah and why would it go by by itself from seeds that fell on the ground before the shemitah and they just happened to grow and of course we're not talking here about when you are not allowed to to plant seeds we're talking that last year i worked the land seeds fell and the next year uh it came out the status of them will be issued we are not allowed to touch whatever grew like that and that's they saw the prohibition is from our sages not from the torah but why did our sages add this because they made a decree for the ones who are not following the laws of shmita and what do they do they quietly they nobody looks they plant the seeds they said it grew by itself i didn't do that sages made the decree because people didn't want to follow the shmitah they didn't believe in hashem they didn't have trust in hashem they didn't want to lose their business so what did they do plant the seeds quietly and then they told people no they grew by itself because technically whatever grows by itself i didn't do it the land just happened to do it then it's half kill and then i'm able to take it so our sages says no no no since it's like a loophole and some people are are liars or fraud and they might cheat the system so therefore anything that grows by itself is called an aftergrowth then it's prohibited and we're not allowed to use it but there's always exceptions and more uh rules so the next section is when we're talking about this uh prohibition the status of it will be for anything that is edible for humans and for animals but it doesn't fall under whatever doesn't have to chave the state statue of dusachevit if you remember last class we made a definition what has the status of kudusachivit and i explained if something sprouted on the sixth year but only grew on the seventh or when it comes to vegetables that it was planted on the six but only was picked on the seven then if it's vegetables and it was picked on the seventh year then it has to do shachivit but if you remember yesterday last class we went through all the rules if something doesn't have to eat then doesn't apply to that next the whatever was grown in the status after growth is prohibited in eating and also in anything else not only eating like we can be smelling benefiting trading and so forth and needless to say doesn't matter if it's edible by humans or by animals when our sages prohibited us giving this aftergrowth to an animal is by me going and giving it to the animal or putting the animal in front of it but if the animal just is roaming the land and ate it by itself then i i don't have any issue with that i'm only talking about that i took my animal and i let the animal here here here's some after growth eat it and of course don't forget that we're talking here that we are not farmers but a hundred years ago and going backwards most people were farmers most people had their backyard they had their little land so they had their donkeys they had their horses they had their cows goats that was normal for us we go to the supermarkets for them it was normal so somebody has a backyard after growth comes out so it's very tempting to sell to the goat hey hey goats hey bring the donkeys bring the horses let them eat why should i go now and buy food so that you're not allowed to do now the animal by itself went and ate it okay it went and ate it i didn't do anything here and like i told you a few times we're learning even though 90 of what we're learning we don't do because we go to the supermarket but we're learning it for the sake of the learning and needless to say some people do have a backyard and more important now with everything that's going on then one should start preparing to have their own backyard to have their own food next if my animal goes by itself and eats it then i don't have the the i don't i'm not required to to scare it off just let it ready left let it eat and we were talking about things that are edible but also he's saying um i'm not allowed if after growth came out i'm not allowed to smell it and more than that i'm not allowed to take from it and to plant replant from it next mahima surrenders to himself if i have plants or anything else that came as an aftergrowth then i have a mitzvah to go and to uproot it instead of just leaving it there by saying ah whatever let it grow then i have a mitzvah to go and to completely uproot it from the ground vexil cream and when i do that loya calculated you should not ruin it with your own hands because it has it i'm not allowed to eat it but i also am not allowed to damage it then just pull it out of the ground pull it on the ground let it rot don't like rip it and throw it and damage it in any type of a way if you have a scare that somebody will come and pick it up and eat it then you can bury it that way nobody has access to it next is when it comes to trees and fruit that grows on trees and bushes that are er er that you don't have to plant every year that can be berries and so forth then there's no prohibition of sufficient because the tree is already there it's not something that grew by mistake the tree is there for years and there's no prohibition in after growth but when it comes to vegetables that you can find in the land all year round then there will be the prohibition of aftergrowth next kash now is about when i have hay from a grain some people they have a lot of hay and straw that they give to the animals too and it's coming from a grain and boy the prohibition doesn't fall under it even if it started growing in the seventh year you know usually the hay is for the animals it's not for me and oh to use for other things sometimes once they used to use the hay to put it as a pillow case or to sleep on it but nevertheless when it even though it comes from grain there's no prohibition of cefekim even if it started growing on the seventh year but if there's any seeds coming from it then i can't use the seeds which means that i can't even use them the next year to plant with them it's completely asu and i have to treat it like a dusha chevy and we're going to learn how i dispose it i'm allowed to take the seeds of grain plant it before the shmita in order for it to grow during the years of shemitah because there's going to be rain and to to harvest it during the shemitah in order to give it to the animals call them but it's important that i have to do that before the seeds become a third of their growth and we explained in the previous class what do we mean by third because we were asking is it third of the size third of the weight a third of the growth and we explained all the different opinions but nevertheless he's saying here let's say hypothetically i do want the the the hay i'm allowed to plant it on the sixth year with the intention that rain will come and then they'll start growing and then i can harvest it in order to give to animals the condition is is that i have to harvest it before the grains reach a third of their growth and again a lot of it doesn't apply to us but biz rather she may be next cycle we will be farmers anything that grows in what's called like wild growth and it's not tomatoes or or cucumbers or anything that it eats it just grows because after the rain comes all these uh there's a plants and it says it's not something that you plant it just comes out of the ground usually it's not always a wheat can be other types of plants and by misuse if there's no prohibition of suffering in them if they came out by itself next section in order for the prohibition to apply then a part of it has to grow during the seventh year i mean it can start on the sixth year but it's if some of it has to grow in the seventh year and this great part this status of the growth is different from one plant to another vegetable and every type of a vegetable has a different type of growth some grow after a month some grow after a week and so forth le fi pe would say and be going by that all the five grains and all the types of kidney yachts the legumes the gums anything that grows that the seed can be eaten like beans or ah and also sunflower seeds that's also included so we say here first of all we have all the types of grains the lagoons anything that the seed is eaten like beans peas sunflower seeds that they reached a third of their growth during the year of shemitah asurimbi sulcifichim they will fall under the category of the prohibition of after growth because they were planted in the sixth year and they reached to their maturity a third of their maturity during the shmitah then they fall under the prohibition that was about if they reached to a third of their maturity prior to the shemitah affalpition even though they were harvested during shemitah or they get raised it came to a third of their maturity after shemitah even though they started growing on shemitah and bay mississippi and again like i told you you don't have to memorize it you have to just understand it because really who needs to know that is ones who are selling it because if you have your own field then needless to say then you need to follow all these rules most people don't have their backyard or field but you need to know it if you're trading with it a lot of people they they do it for business then you need to know and you need to know also if somebody comes and tells you hey listen i have some aftergrowth in my backyard i can't touch it but i'm i'm doing i'm abandoning it what's called healthcare you'll go and take it and you have to say is it did it grow by itself when did it grow when was it planted you need to ask some questions next year how is about vegetables that started growing during shmitah venektiv and there were also a harvest during shemitah because i told you already when it comes to vegetables it's when you harvest and when you pick it not when you planted it okay because with fruit it's different with fruit it depends when the fruits start showing what we explained last class which is called nevita then the flower falls and then the fruit shows that's why i told you that a citrus fruit enjoying schnatchme has no kudusachevid because it grew last year and what's going to happen is that next year all the citrus fruits lemons from grapefruit oranges next year on the eighth year they will have the du xiao chevit because they started growing this year so with fruit it's different but with vegetables it doesn't we don't go by the time that it was planted we go by the time that it was picked so if it's he says here if they started growing during shmita and they're also picked during shemitah a surim this is considered sufficient after growth and you're not allowed to touch it but i'm saying it allowed to touch it means you're not allowed to eat it it means you know how to trade with it and when you destroy it there's a way how to dispose it you can't just throw it to the garbage why because it has to do with it i was about that they started growing before the shemitah even though the majority of their growth was during shemitah and they were picked during shemitah and by misusification then there's no prohibition of suffering i was about when you have flowers i mean i mean we spoke about flowers in different classes but here we have flowers and why would i care about the flowers either i use it to smell them then i benefit from that and we already explained if i just put them on the table in a vase for beauty then there's no issue whatsoever and he calls it flowers that they just grow in a season their status will be like like vegetables and not only that tv any type of grain and legumes and the vegetables that have the status of isus they will be prohibited for forever which means you can trade with it you can benefit from it you can sell it you can replant it and so forth next year i was about vegetables that started growing during shemitah that will be considered a prohibition of after growth till in the next year the same type of vegetables can start growing also the same type let me read it again which means that let's say on the eighth year i plant the same type of vegetable and then the plants is matured then up until that point then the ones that started on the seventh year will have the status of cefekim and we can't use it and he says in parenthesis aficio when it comes to vegetables we go by after the the picking or mash and technically whatever was picked after shmita is permitted even though the the prohibition is whatever is going from the seventh to the eighth is prohibited or at hanukah or in many cases it will go to hanukkah that's the the timeline that our sages gave the film even if they were picked before that time since they were picked after shemitah then the prohibition will be removed and then you can use it but when it has to come to this time either we wait till chanukah of the eighth year or after the same type of vegetables can be planted grow and picked in the eighth year next month when there's a after growth but in a land that belongs to a non-jew there's a lot of non-jews that own land here and by missouri and that will not be considered after growth sorry nadine vege and the same will be if they were planted during the shemitah by a non-jew in his uh in his land so if you have after growth in the land of a non-jew then there's no sufficient if he planted it during the sumita then they still won't have the prohibition of srimati obviously but how we're going to have a doubt if that is going to fall under aftergrowth and when we have a doubt then you don't touch it how's about guild after growth that came by itself in a land of a non-jew hamus but the non-jew rented it out to a jew or shayu diaries or that the jew is a lantenant that they just rent the land and the produce will be divided between the non-jew and the jew the non-jew owns the land the jew works the land and they say okay we'll divide it 50-50. then they will have a status of after-growth and they will be prohibited needless to say that if a jew planted it then it's completely prohibited because it was planted by a jew on the seventh year then there's here no question here that it's prohibited i was about if the non-jew doesn't work on the land doesn't plow the land um he tells the jew i'm not going to touch the land you can work on it so anything that grows in this land is completely prohibited and it's the same status will be that that he will abandon the the the land and everything that will grow in there then will be prohibited even if it's under after growth next month i was about anything that came after a an aftergrowth in a uh land that it's called it sade both a day is a field and bo is the uh the definition is sadesh a land that usually you don't uh plant anything there because it's very hard to work it it's not flat it's a lot of rocks very hard access very hard to bring water there so sadebo is like the maybe we'll call the deserted land so it says how is about when things grow in a deserted land there's not going to be after growth uh prohibition because sometimes can be a land in the middle of nowhere and somehow uh tomatoes grew there maybe the seeds flew in the wind or somebody went and threw some seeds there but if that's considered a stable a land that is deserted and hard to work and nobody ever works on that land and something grows there then it doesn't have the prohibition of after growth how is about after growth that came in a sade in a field that is called neer what is the definition of near sadesh a land that was plowed and was left completely empty without any planting only to prepare the land for the eighth year i don't i don't want to use it on the seventh year i'm just straightening it cleaning it out cleaning all the weeds taking away all the uh all the stones and rocks only because i want to use it on the eighth year and by misusing if somebody grew there then there's no prohibition of sufficient next after growth if something grew as an aftergrowth in a land that has already seeds in it but it's from a different species i have a few of potatoes well one of them came out a tomato somehow i have a field of cucumbers and what a plant of radish came out how somebody threw a a seed there or the wind then that will not be considered sufficient next sufficient somehow bite how's about after growth that was in my house i mean we had a few classes of everything that's growing in my house so here already depends if it grew outside if you remember there were two major rules with things that grow in my house if it's under a roof or not under a roof if it's under a roof then there will be a lot of conditions how it won't have the status of chavez if it's not under a roof meaning directly under the sky then doesn't matter that will have status of chevy eat and everything that grows there is prohibited so he says as follows house about was after growth that grew in my house and doesn't mean inside the house can be outside in the backyard and by misus there's not going to be the prohibition of after growth they started growing in the house house and uh like i said it doesn't have the status of him but happens to be that let's say they grew in the backyard where there is a roof and suddenly i removed the roof or the wind came and took the roof away then it's exposed already under the sky then then from this point on it will be considered sufficient so the major rule that we have to remember if it's originally under directly under the sky there's no question here it's prohibited right from the beginning but let's say i have like a porch or a veranda or a backyard and there is some type of a roof there and something grew during the chevit as after growth no problem but if the roof suddenly somehow was removed then that's it it loses its status venezuela and they will become prohibited from this point and on even if you fix the roof the second the roof was removed and it was under the sky that's it it loses its status next somehow how is about when there's after growth in a plant that doesn't have a hole now if you remember we went through five different classes explaining the different status of a plant that grows in a pot that has a hole or doesn't have a hole remember in a coupe when it has a hole it changes the status completely because it means the roots can come out of the hole and eventually reach to the ground when it doesn't have a hole you have a plant that's in a pot that doesn't have a hole there's no problem and we're talking in the house or in the backyard but here he says how is about when there's after growth when it's in a plant in a pot chain on a cool and some opinions will say even if it has a hole there's not going to be the status of him and this is more important because this is already in our in our house or the backyard and to my rules one of them is a i we're going to learn next class the definition of where is considered israel for the sake of shemitah because in the south of israel there are different parts in the south of israel that they don't belong to earth israel now we live there like a lot but they don't belong biblically to earth israel there's no problem wish me now you know there's a lot of fields in the negev then they you can get fruits from them vegetables i know on the other hand a big part of lebanon and syria does belong to her israel so you can buy fruit that come from there fruits and vegetables and also what's called everyday from the other side of the jordan some of it does belong to earth israel so since we don't live there right now the halacha is any sorcery anything that is on the other side of the jordan river there's no prohibition of after growth somebody comes with vegetables and he's suspicious i don't know where he came from he doesn't look so observant i don't know if he's really following the the laws of shemitah you know here on wednesday every wednesday there's a market here you go to the market you don't know where they came where the vegetables came from the guy doesn't look uh a hundred percent authentic or he looks uh suspicious or if it's somebody that you know that is that he's not learned it doesn't know the laws and not observant then there might be a doubt if there's you ask the man did this grew in the seventh year in the sixth year i don't know if there's a sufficient then you can't eat it if i go to some type of a market and the majority of the produce there is either from non-jews or from outside of israel then i can trust it and i will don't have to worry about after growth and then i will be permitted to eating it so with this we conclude the concept of i'm just going to conclude it very quickly with my words anything that is grown what's called after growth during the year of chevit then has already a status of i don't know what's its status which means i have to start checking okay so if something grew throughout the seventh year and what's called an after growth grow by itself then i have to be very careful with how i treat it and then i have to go through all the laws that we just learned if it started on the seventh and end on the seventh one rule it started on the sixth and on the seventh different rule if it grew by a non-jew on a non-jewish uh ground different role it was grew on by a jew on a non-jewish ground so basically saying in simple words anything that grew as an after growth then you have to ask questions how it happened and all the sections that we went through right now will answer you every little option how it happened you just have to be aware that it's after growth and that it's not uh grew intentionally how do you differentiate between after growth and intentionally if it's your field you knew what you planted there if you planted tomatoes and cucumbers came out i didn't plant it there most likely it's after growth and vice versa if i planted tomatoes and the cucumbers came out so forth so if it's your land then you know what you what you planted there but if it's somebody else's land there will come all sorts of different questions which you have to know what to ask and especially like we the last section who said if it's somebody who's suspicious or amarettes not learn it and so forth then there's a doubt better not to touch it at all because i don't know what will be the status of it so in simple words saying anything that might have a status of after growth then you have to question it and by all the sections that we learn we'll give you the answers if you're allowed to read it or not allowed to read it with that we conclude the section of and next few classes we can already talk about what would be the definition of the land where it will have to shove it and then of course after that after we concluded this entire section we can start understanding how do i deal with the fruits and vegetables once i determined that they do have to be heat on it because you're not allowed to trade with it in with different conditions you're allowed to eat it in different conditions you can't throw it has to have different conditions and so forth [Music] you