Terumah - 3rd Portion

Join as we learnish for today Tuesday parasuma chapter 25 verse 32. Yesterday we learned in the humish about the construction of the table, how it was made, the bread, the showbread that was put on the table, as well as the cover of the ark and the crew that came from the cover of the ark. Today we'll be learning about the construction of the manora and the structure of the actual tabernacle. Verse 31. And you shall make a candalabra of gold of pure. It shall be pure gold. It should be formed by hammering it. Hamra the mana should be made. The kindra it will have in it multiple parts. It will have a base k its stem its goblets. its spheres its flowers should all be an integral part of this manora. Rashi explains what this means in verse 31. Rashi the manora itself should be made out of one piece. You should not make it of separate parts. You shouldn't make each one each arm a separate piece and then eventually afterwards put them all together like the people who usually uh shape and do these kinds of things talking about blacksmiths who do these kinds of things. All of them should come from one piece of gold and then with a chisel he bangs out the exact shape of the manora. And then he cuts it with his tools. Then we'll separate the stems to each side until it gets the shape of a candalabra. Meaning one piece from the have to pull it from one place to the next. ess that he pulls out the stems from the solid piece of gold and then you pull the gold branches going the arms going to each side to each side. And how is this done by banging the hammer on it however but if you look at the word that does not mean to stretch but that comes from the word like banging something out like we mentioned before about that we find that the terminology that's used that when he was nervous and afraid his feet were banging against each other what does it mean the word teas come sounds like it will be made not that you should make it and Rashi explains this is because was made on its own. Why was it made on its own? Moshe was told about making the minor. He tried making it. It was very difficult. Told him take this of gold threw it into throw it into the fire and it will be made on its own. Therefore, in this case, it doesn't say, "You shall make the manora, but it will be made." And it was made by God by Moshe throwing it into the fire is the base. This was the foot on the bottom which was made like a box. And then there was like a little box on the bottom that the actual stem, the center stand stood in the manura and from it three little legs came out. The word the stem is the middle branch that stood in the middle and from there the other six branches came out from which was facing towards up. It was vertical and on it was the middle candle means was made like a bowl to pour the oil into its to place the wick its cups its goblets. Just like the cups that you have that are made out of glass that they are um long and narrow. These however were made from gold built and they would be sticking out coming out from every one of the branches as the Torah will soon enumerate how many should be coming out of each branch. These were not used. They did not put anything in these goblets. They were only there for beautifification. These spheres of like round apples meaning round balls that would surround every branch just like the candle labers that are there in front of great ministers. The amount of them. The Torah continues to say how many spheres were then sticking out on each one of the monoras. after and how much space there had to be between each button. They were shaped and formed as the like an like a flower. What does this mean? All these items, the spheres, the flowers, the goblets should all be coming out of the stem, out of one piece, not made into separate pieces and then attached together. church should all be part of one piece. Verse 32, you'll have six branches coming out of the side of the center pole. You'll have three poles coming out from one side, three branches coming out on one side and three branches will be coming out of the other side of the candalabra says on both sides. on an angle. As we know that Rashi and the Rambam as the Reb mentioned many times from the picture that the son of the Rambam wrote and over here we see Rashi says it as well that the actual branches were straight on an angle like a V not rounded and they would continue to go up until the height of the manora which that was the center pole. So each one of the poles of the manora each one of the branches came out as a V reaching the same height as the center pole. So all flames should be an equal height each one then in order because it would all have to be equal to the same height each pole came out higher than the next three branches on each side. First a longer one a shorter one and then a shorter one. This way they will all be the same height as the center. They would all equal the same height of the middle center branch which from all from there all the other six branches would come out. 33 the Torah continues. Then there shall be three engraved goblets. They will also be on the center on each branch as well as a sphere and a flower. We will have three uh cups which would be then engraved on each branch again with a sphere and a flower. This will be applied to all six branches that extending from the stem center stem of the candalabra. What does the word mean? Engraved. This is what they would usually do for gold and silver things that they would engrave carve out these kinds of shapes and ornaments and three goblets built. On every single one of the branches, there were three goblets that were engraved protruding from them to there was a flower and a sphere coming out from each one. The Torah then continues in verse 34. And on the actual monora itself and on the cabler on the stem on the center of the candalabra you would have there there would be four cotlets engraved including its spheres and flowers. What does he mean? When he refers to the word man, Sarashi explains we're talking about here. The center stem of the candalabra was called the manora. There were four cups. There was one that was on the bottom, not connected to all the other branches. And then you had and then the other three were together just like in par and parallel to the other six branches which also had three cups coming out of them. So too this one as well on the top of three cups and then on the bottom there was another cup of sphere and bot this is one of the four five verses in the Torah that there is no clear concise way how to decide how it should be done I don't know when we talk about the word engraved is it only talking about the goblets should be the ones engraved But the flowers and the spheres were not or do I say that they were engraved together with the flowers and the spheres and therefore as the flowers and the spheres as well were part of it. Meaning when we look at the word over here and that the manora had these four cups is it referring to as well as the flowers and the spheres or not? Verse 35. And then you're going to have There shall be one sphere situated below the two branches and then there will be another sphere shall be situated next to the next two branches. That means every place where the two branches on both sides join will be a sphere that they connect with. So it should be for all the six branches coming out of the manura. So in total you have nine flowers, 11 spheres, 22 goblets that were on the actual candalabra meaning on the center pole that you had the sphere in the middle and the center pole and from that sphere the two branches came out like a V. B that's the way we learned in the BC and it gives us the idea and tells us as follows the height of the manora was 18 hand breaths. How did that work out? The feet, the base with its legs were with the first flower. Then that's the flower that we mentioned that was on the base. From there you had two hand breaths that were empty. Then you had another one. And on top of that, you had that another hand breath. You had the goblet, which was one of the four goblets that we mentioned previously. That was on the bottom. Then you would have one sphere, one flower from the two spheres and flowers that had we mentioned before that were on the center pole itself like we learned in the previous verse that it had to be engraved with flowers and spheres. And then so from here we learned that on the center pole there were there were two spheres and two flowers. Besides for the three spheres that from there each one of the poles extended from each one of the branches extended from there was another spheres as well because we mentioned previously in the verse that from that sphere the two branches would extend from. Now continuing in the measurements you have then you add two hand breaths empty then you add a another number nine. So we're up to the ninth hand breath you had the button where the two branches would come out where the two branches would come out to the height of the monura. Then teak number 10. Hand breath number 10 empty. Hand breath number 11. Again a sphere with the two branches coming out. On top of it there was a teac a hand breath that was empty. Then there was a third one where the last set of branches would come out from. On top of that you add another two hand breaths empty. So you have left over three hand breaths which had in it the three goblets with the button with the sphere and the flower that was on each one and the last top of the three the last three hand breaths which gives you a total of 18 hand breaths. So what we have over here is you have the 18 hand breaths. If you want to go from top to bottom, top three you had the goblet, the and the the three goblets, the sphere and the button. Then we notice that you have two empty uh two empty hand breaths. Stay in your hand for the next three hand breaths. Yet with each one a space in between of a hand breath with this with the arms extending from those spheres. Then two hand breaths empty. Then again another hand breath where you had the goblet sphere and button. Two hand breaths empty. And then the last three is what the base was. What we have over here total. So how many goblets do you have base 22 for each one and form the actual center pole? of 22 goblets, 11 spheres, six on each one of the poles and three on the center pole that the actual branches extended from them. And then another two which were on the actual center pole itself. So there you have you minus two. He had one which was by the base and then another one which was on the top with the three cups. Then it had nine flowers. Six for each one of the poles as it says that it says in the center pole there should be a sphere and a flower. Then you add three and four the center pole as well. Therefore, as it says in particular you look closely the we mentioned before in the that was mentioned in the Talmud you will see the exact number as we enumerated that there were the uh 20 11 if go through it again was nine flowers 11 spheres and 22 goblets verse 36 the spheres and the branches. They should all be part of the actual manura itself. They all have to be hammered out of a single piece of pure gold. 37 and then you will make seven lamps seven and then you will kindle its lamps and they will shine towards the center. What does it mean? the lamps like bowls which they would put the oil on the wixen. What does it mean that it would shine inward? Sashi says and explains you will make the top of the six candles of lamps which are in the top of the branches that are coming from the sides that they should be leaning towards the center. So you had the right to the left facing towards the center pole where that was the center candle. They would should all be centering and leaning towards the center which that was the center of the monora. Besides the actual manora candalabra itself there were tools that were used for the manora as well. Its tongues and its scoops of ter should be made out of pure gold. What do they need these tongues and scoops for? Sashi tells us these were the tongues that were used to take the wicks from the oil. They were probably more like a tweezers than tongues and to be able to make them straight and make them towards leaning towards the candles as well. The reason why it's called its root word is to take that these were used to grab to take something and the tarum calls it because from the word like we know in ethics of our fathers it uses the terminology tongues are called they were like little bowls little scoops that they would use it to collect the ashair that was in the candle every single morning when the high priest when he had to clean out the candles that he would clean out all the little bowls from all the little ash after the wicks have burnt that they were lighting all night and they would now put out the word comes from the word like a shovel that they would scoop it out and this was this little bowl that they would clean it with. This was all made from verse 39. It should all be made together with all the utensils. This was made out of one talent of gold. And you'll see how this was made how this was made on the mountain. Rashi explains verse 39 that everything meaning all the vessels should all only weigh one talent of golder not more and not less. A talent of gold is about 48 kilograms or in pounds 106 pounds. That there were different uh types of talents of how they would measure it. That means the amount of how they would weigh the kik would be only 60 mana when you go of kesh when you would measure it according to the weight for one that was used for the holy temple it would be double the amount was 120 mana how much is a mana so rashi explains how much is a mana based according to what was way the ways of measurements in the time of rashi who The mana which was a regular one that they would weigh the gold for something that was not holy was the measurement of elitra which today they would use rashi's time he's referring to a colonia and this was in Germany that they would make the coins from that kind of uh weight that they would use in the kind places in Germany Spain in France in that area what is it weighed May was 100 dinar estamish 25 a is four is four dinar. So if you do a mana of holy which was 50 which is double of was the unholy one. So it comes out that a kar was 1,500 dinar. A kikar of kesh was then 3,000 dinar. This is just the calculations of how they would calculate things for the holy temple or things they would use on a private life. Verse 40. And then observe how these forms were being made that I show you here on the mountain and this is the way you're going to make it. Rashi explains that God was telling Moshe, look the way I'm showing you what the form of the manora is that I'm showing it to you. This teaches us that Moser found it difficult to understand how the manora should be made. God showed him a a manora made out of fire to show him exactly how it should be made. And therefore God uses the terminology as the image that you've seen on the mountain as the says that you see on the mountain. If it would have said not then it would be an action in the present. You should show it to others. Now that there's a more something that you see that somebody else shows it to you. There's a that you're showing to others and then there's something that somebody shows to you. Over here, God was showing it to him and therefore he uses that terminology. Chapter 26, the Mishk. And now we move on to the coverings of the Mishkan and the actual building of the structure of the tabernacle. the Mishkan and the actual covering of the Mishkan Ta. You're going to make 10 out of 10 tapestries. They're going to be of linen twin as well with turquoise, purple, and scarlet. They're going to be webbed in a design that will have in it. You're going to make it in the special woven design that in it you will see the now over here he's telling him the words what's the purpose of what are you going to have these uh what are these curtains going to be for these are going to be for roof and als partitions out on top of the beams because the curtains would hang over the beams to be able to cover them. The word which means twined. It says it first and then afterwards it tells us about the turquoise, purple and blue. What is it telling us? So every single thread had in it was made was woven of four different kinds of thread. You had the linen three kinds of wool which was the blue, the turquoise wool, the purple and the scarlet. Each thread then had to be double six meaning. What you have over here then is when you take one thread that's made up of six threads those six threads times four. So you have of all four kinds when you are going to weave them together you're going to have 24 for each thread because each one was double. So you have the 24 threads for each one of the threads that were then woven together to make these curtains that within the way weaving of the actual curtains. They wo in those shapes of the not in the way that you would weave it through a needle, but it has to be woven into it that you should be able to see it from both sides. parts of parts of meaning that while they wo it, you had one image when you saw it on this side and one image when you saw it on the other side. For example, as Rashi says, you saw a lion on one side, then you saw an eagle on the other like they weave the different sashes made out of silk that they call. Verse two, the length of every single one of these curtains of these tapestries were 28 cubits and they were wide of each one of these tapestries would be four cubits. So it's 28 long four wide for each one of these tapestries all the tapestries should have the same size. Verse three, you'll have five tapestries shall be attached to one another. And then you'll have the other five shall be also attached one to the other. Thus you're going to have a total of 28 cubits by 20 cubits. one individually, five on their own and five on their own. This is the way the verse uses to use the female terminology. When it's something which is male, we'll use a male terminology. So wife one to its sister or man to his brother. Like we use the over there, it's a male terminology. So therefore, he says man to his brother. How are you going to hook these together? Verse five. You shall make 50 loops. You're going to make in the on the edge of one of the tapestries at the edge of it. And another 50 loops you're going to make on the edge of the other set of tapestries. You'll have to make sure that the loops are aligned with each one of its counterparts. What does mean loops like I make a bow which this way you'll be able to connect the one with the other you'll do it at the edge of the tapestry and because you have a bunch of five so therefore uses the terminology so to you will make it by the one that is the edge lost in touch at the edge at the edge of each one there will be those loops. So you'll be able to connect them each one with the other to be aligned. So over here the Torah tells us you have to be careful and and uh watch that they should be properly aligned. So therefore the same loops that are done on one should be on the other when you separate them you should still see that the loops are aligned with one with the other. The word magulus means zuku one align to the other opposing the other like from the word to accept that it should be there. Rashington explains how the actual measurements of the tapestries of the Mishkan worked and he says as follows and he if you put everything into proportion he puts it this way if you take the tapestries aron its length was 28 28 hand breaths and its width was four like we explained before. So now when you connected the two the five together comes out 5 * 4 is 20 and then the second one as well which was 28 long so it's 28 long by 20 wide the actual tabernacle itself was 30 long from east to west as we're going to see there were 20 poles that were here on the west side on the south side and so too on the north side and each beam was a and a half a hand breath and a half you have 30 ammos going you have 20 ammos each one was an a half so you have 30 20 * 1 and a half equals 30 so from east to west you have 30 ammos the width of the mishk from north to south was 10 as you're going to learn later telling us how many poles should be there two in the corner. So you have a total of 10. So if you have 6 by 1 and a2 equals 9 then you have five by.5. So you have that equals 10 because you have another uh half on each end because there was a little extra. So you have there 10 amos of the back. Rashi tells us that when we get to learn about the beams, he's going to explain how this all worked. So let's go back now that we know that there were 30 length from east to west. North to south was 10. Let's understand now how these were placed. He would then lay down the tapestries to the length of the width of the Mishkan. meaning they would cover the entire roof of the Mishkan and they would hang down and they would hang down. So you had 10 in the center. So from the 28 you had 28 that's the length 10 on the center which would cover the the center hole of the Mishkan and then would hang down on each side to the thickness of the crush. So you have the hollow space was 10 because if you recall from north to south was 10 amos on the center. So your center empty space was 10 amas. The actual pole was an ammo. So that gives you already 12 amas as the top. So you left 28 minus 12 gives you left and it would hang down eight on each side. It would cover the height of the crush which were 10. So that means if you looked at the actual tabernacle, eight amas would hang down on each side. Your bottom two hand breaths, your bottom two amos, that means the socket and two amas of the beams were revealed were not covered by the curtains. Um, now what about the width of the of the tapestries? Our buoy was 40 kishah when they were connected because remember there were 20 times five gives you 40 total so there was 20 you had five times four I'm sorry so there gives you a total of 20 you had two sets of five gives you 40 amas total so what they they were used they were when they were connected you had you have 20 amas for each tapestry 30 of it went went for the empty because we said the length of the mishk was 30. So therefore you have to it length one for each thickness of the of the uh of the poles as well as the one that were in the east. There weren't that many poles in the east only four of them. So you had eight that would hang over in the rest. The same thing goes also. So when you take it to the other way around. So you had 28 total this way. Then 38 going 40 going this way. 30 for the actual emptiness. Two for the poles and then another eight that would hang down on the back on the west side of the actual tabernacle. And you had two amas that were revealed. This I found on the Bryson which explains the 49 measurements that were there as we explained the structure of how the curtains would hang over the tabernacle of I'm sorry however and that's what the prices say in the track of Shabas explains they said that they would actually not cover the front beams in the east that means on the entrance way of the tabernacle And you had the nine that would hang down in the back which is on the west side. And this you see from our verse where it says this opinion because they would put the which was the curtain that hung in the front under the hooks. And if you would say that according to the opinion that it was actually hanging over in the east as well, that means that the curtain was hanging lower in amma that it was hanging on the actual hook. So the question would be did the curtain in the front which was on the entrance way on the east was it hanging on the top of the poles or underneath the curtain of the front of the poles. Verse six, you will then make 50 golden clasps. And you will connect the tapestries one to its sister that means one to another with these hooks and then these tapestries will become one. What does this mean? These were like hooks. You would put one hook into the um into the loops which is one one edge. They were like sea hooks. And there's actually a discussion if they were C hooks or S hooks. But we're going to assume now they were C hooks. That one edge went into one end and one edge went into the other. And this way you connected the two loops together and that became one tapestry. The season the same thing as well. You will then make um you will then make a cover. You'll make sheets of goats here as a tentish on the to spread over the tabernacle. You should make 11 of such sheets of goats of goats. Here is explains was made from the here of goats that this should be as a covering for the tabernacle and this would be covered on top of the tapestries that we mentioned before. The Torah then continues and tell us how long these should be. The length of each one of these should be 30 long and it should be wide each one of these tapestries. It should be the same measurement for all the 11 tapestries. Verse nine, I'm sorry. Rashi, Rashi explains, if you go by the length to the width of the Mishkan, that means these goats would then go to the these goatier tapestries would then go to the width of the Mishkan like he did the first tapestries like we explained previously. If you recall, we explained before that the way the other tapestries were put, it left us two amas revealing of the beams around the whole Mishkan. Now that these are longer by two, this would cover the leftovers that were there. So it would cover one because it was one longer. So you had one left. That one of the beam actually went into the socket. So what you were left seeing, you saw the goat gear came underneath and then you saw the silver socket that was there. The verse then continues verse 9. And then you're going to attach the five sheets by themselves and the six sheets by themselves because remember there were 11. And then you should fold the sixth sheet over the front of the tent. as Rashi is going to explain what this means. You have now a remaining because now it's bigger so it overlaps. What would you do with it? So then because I now have the extra, it doesn't mean that each one was doubled. The back of it was then folded over on the uh it was hanging over on the east side and then you also which was by the door as well as you had then on the west side and he explains just like a kala a modest bride who covers with the covers herself with a uh with a veil. So too, this was the idea that there should be a little bit covering over as well and how the excess of the tapestry was then folded in the back of the actual tabernacle on the west side as we're going to see verse 10. And then you should make 50 loops on the edge of the inmost first set the edge of it which you will then connected and then you'll make another 50 loops on the edge of the sheet of the second set as well. So we have these different sheets and as we mentioned just like we had by the first set of tape is treated with 50 loops on each side to be able to connect it over here. We have that as well. So we have number one, we have the front that it was hanging over on the east side and soon we're going to get to about how it would hang over on the west side as well. You're going to then make in verse 11 then going to make 50 copper clasps 50. You'll take those clasp and loops and you'll connect these two coverings and then it will be then become one tent joining them together using the C clamps. Each one was a cubit in between each one of the uh a half a cubit between each between each loop using the the hooks. They would connect the loops together. Verse 12. And now you had the overlapping remainder of the sheet of the goat here for the tent. You had a half of sheet overhang which was there on the back of the tabernacle. So if you recall the sheets of goats on the tabernacle from the perspective in the front we mentioned it was like a bride's veil that hangs over a little bit. But what about the back? So now the back had to then be wrapped around the back of the Mishkan, the back of the tabernacle. So Rashi explains how that was done. verse 12 rashi there was the leftovers on uh besides the ones that were beneath that were already the tapestries that we mentioned. Now if you notice the terminology that the Torah calls the tapestries of the tabernacle and the tapestries of the tent. The tapestries of the tabernacle was those interwoven one with the four different materials. This one as the coats here is called the tapestries of the tent and they were the ones on the top and they're called the tent because they were considered as the overarching leaping one that was covering the entire tabernacle whenever we find it word it means a roof because it's covering over what's lower and these were the ones that were on top of it. So you have half of this tapestry which was hanging over with the 11 because it was 11. The other one was 10. This is 11. So you have the leftover one from the east side. It was folded over towards the face of the when somebody would face the actual tent of gathering as well. You had the two amus two and a half and a half that also went over the back. It would cover over the bl the remaining two amas that on the bottom that if you recall we mentioned that in the back of and every side of the mishkin the first tapestry would only uh reach eight amas down. So you had two revealing the goat here would then cover the other ammo. What does it mean? The back of the mishk because the front was on the east north and south were the side to the right and the left. So now it's going to hang over in the back. You're going to have to fold it and this way you'll be able to cover everything that's there. Verse 13, you'll have an amma extra from each side in the leftover of those sheets. The extra cubit that you have on either end in the length of the sheets. What's going to happen with that? Those are going to be in the length. They shall hang down in the length of the sides of the tabernacle. Mishkan they will be hanging down on the side mis on each side to cover it. So, as we mentioned, it goes in the back. The extras, you have the extra adamas in the back. Then you have it folds over the sides going over the other tapestries that were already there to the north and south, which they were extra on the length of the tapestries of the tabernacle token. They will be hanging down to the north and south like we explained before. North and south are the sides. East and west is front and back. So here the Torah is telling us uh a way of respect. The the person should care about what's nice. Meaning the therefore the ones that were on top were covering the ones of the tapestries which were longer because the nicer ones were on beneath it. So when you walked into the Mishkan, you saw the ones that were of colored, but the outer ones were being protected by the goats here. And this is what they were there for. Verse 14. And you will make a covering for the tent of gathering which will be done out of dyed out of red dyed ramskins. And on top of that is going to be a roof of skins. Verse 14, Rashi explains what does it mean? The roof that we mentioned before that we already have the goats here. Now you're going to make another roof. You're going to make another cover which this is going to have the ram skin and on top of that another one which is going to have but those were only on top. They would not hang down on the sides. They were the length of they were by 30 by 10 the rams and was one and just half of it was half was ofkin. So you have now the roof of the mishkun had three layers according to one opinion four layers according to another opinion. You had the multiple mixed combination of wool and linen which was the bottom layer. On top of that you had the goats here. On top of that you had the ramkin and on top of that the takkin according to the other opinion had the third layer was half takin and half ramkin. This was the covering of the structure of the tabernacle. This concludes the third Torah reading for Parius Truma.