The Crusades, 1096, and the Saga of the Ba'alei Tosfos - The Historical Context of Sefiras HaOmer

this torah class is brought to you by torahanytime.com okay brookhome welcome everyone to tonight's very important share um instead of speaking about the power show we're going to speak about the yameha oymer but before we begin i want to direct your attention to the building side across the street barcelona building is going up very beautifully uh even ahead of schedule but not because the money is ahead of schedule so it's going up right now with nissim but inside which means we're a little bit under a million dollars short so if anybody wants the mashlim that amount tonight they very uh are very welcome to just finish it up and even if somebody wants to just be mash them a little bit call hamaraba hariza mishoba thank you very much okay so we're going to speak a little bit about the yameha amer and i think for most of us our understanding of the omer is that there are certain practices of avelos that we are accustomed to and what is it based on it's based on the gemara nibham says that had 20 24 000 tau medium twelve thousand pairs of tamidim and they all died during this time between pesach and chevous and because of that right the gemara just says between pesach and chavuz and because of that there's certain minhage availas that we're annoying for example we don't have weddings between pesach and chavuz and we don't take haircuts we don't shave during this time of the year now interestingly the gemara doesn't say a word about not getting married during the yume and the gemara doesn't say a word about not shaving and the gemara doesn't say a word about not taking haircuts we're going to see all of those allah they're all mean divrei hagaoinem and the reshainam the original reshinam but it's not brought in the gemara any of these practices and that's something which is quite interesting why doesn't the gemara mention it but let's begin in the following way the rama says in our image pay dallad that the minogue is that after laning is over we say what is uh some type of kel mali rachel where we're commemorating memorializing the souls of hasidim hatamim hayesharim sadiq who gave up their life which sadiq we don't know it doesn't say then rama says any day you don't say tachnon and you don't say it you don't say avarachamim or if there's a khasna or brisbillah you don't say and in some mccoymays they don't say abraham even in bhai a shabbos even during nissan when there's no tachnan we still say avaraqlam during spira but says in all situations of avarakamim you follow the minogue now not every area do we say i follow the minogue most things we don't follow them in hug most things we follow there are limited cases where we say follow them in one of them is when you do say avarachman when you don't it depends on the minute but if you don't know what your minogue is during the inejasvira even if it's the day that you don't say tac-non you still say avarachamen. why why if the rule is that you don't say abba ahmed when there's no tachnon why do you say abraham during the days of surah says abram because of all the decrees that occurred during that time of the year what decrees does the mughan abram refer to so magnum rum is saying that certain bad things happened during that time of the year one may think that refers to the deaths of the students of rabbi akiva says no this refers to the decrees of tatnu tatunu what are gazeros tatnu tatnu is the year 856. four eight five six one is four eight five six that's the year at 10 96 this was the year of the first crusade the first crusade occurred primarily this time of the year between pesach and chevous and because the first crusade occurred primarily during nissan actually mostly during er and a little bit the beginning of steven therefore we say avarakamim even though typically we would not say it on a day that there's no tachnon but as we're going to say avarachamine was composed in commemoration to memorialize all those who were slain during the year the crusades in the year 1096. and therefore of course we're going to say avarakhan during this time of the year it was composed for what happened this time of the year for those who were slain in the month of er in the month of sivan in the year 1096. i'll just uh if you take a look at number 25 number 25 talks about is kinake the 25th kenner and we go through the devastation and the destruction of the communities of shum what are the communities of shum spires spear spires varmaza worms and magensa means we say right let my eyes flow with tears i lament bitterly allay harugaya spira for the slain of spires bashini in the second month the shemina on the eighth day beyond margaya hukran the day of the beloved day of rest on shabbos my day of rest was exchanged for destruction the young men were destroyed the elder the glorious elders were destroyed they were gathered together and the kingdom says a few lines down the line ten jews were massacred on that day now that might give you uh this is somewhat of a misrepresentation when you see the numbers they seem small no no we'll see it was in the thousands if not tens of thousands and then a few a paragraph later it says now we're talking about excuse me we're talking about the community of worms we say uh yellow in my bitterness and sadness i will compose morning i remember the massacre of these holy communities kahal varmaza the community of varamaiza that's community of worms or before that it was called the garameiza let's say the rakeach was these are all the communities of germany and as we're going to see those of germanic descent actually have stricter halacha is of spira than the rest of kali israel so it's an interesting thing look in the next paragraph he says twice the community of worm sanctified the unity of god's name when be esther muslim the twenty-third day of zev what is it month of er in the third month what's the third month sivan the kriya's halal on they gave up their life hashem with crowns on their head then we go on to valdire kahamagensta the community of maine's they were lighter than the eagle they on this day this is obviously referring to tish above when we mourn the destruction of the two bhaste maktashim so the mccain as we're going to see them this mechanic is rabbenu clonamus one of the reshinam and i'll tell you yesterday i'm preparing this year i was doing research how many of the ballet hat is were killed during the crusades during this time of the year most of the ballet hat is and we're talking about hundreds were massacred during this time of the year so every time you know you don't listen to music or you don't shave remember you're lamenting you're mourning you know the baleatosis so this happened now on the third day of sivan balaam on the third day of the third month and then finally the king ends off then on the day of shavuous the day that we anticipated getting the torah on that day the murder was so bad it's as if the torah went back up to shamayim on that fateful schwa so you think about the dates spires was massacred on the eighth day of er worms the twenty-third day of er destin means the third day of sivan shavus all of this occurred during the sphera during the meisvira so aside from the tamil rebi akiva this is the time of the year that we commemorate the massacres of the jews of ashkenaz by the way it's an interesting thing even if you don't come from ashkenaz most jews probably come from poland from russia and yet all jews who are not sephardim are called ashkenazim why you could you know you don't have any descendants from germany why would why would we be called ashkenazim probably because the hallmark of of the difference between ashkenaz and sward is far them follow the rambam by the way why are people from morocco why are people from yemen why are people from iran called safar them they never stepped foot in spain in their life neither did their descendants it's because they followed the rambam in fact the king of spain asked for the value yosef that question ravager has in the hakutama of one of his foreign that when he met the king of sin and king of sweden asked why are all all middle eastern jews cold spar them they never went to spain he says it's because they follow the greatest of all spanish jews around them so it must be that jews who are not spar them pride themselves and being called ashkenazim because they follow the gadoy lai ashkenaz who are the gedorya ashkenaz whether we shine them all the way shining them come out of the ashkenaz and we're going to see there's literally a list of hundreds of ballet toys who live in ashkenaz the rash the marami rottenberg the orzarula and going what so i'm not sure about that because rashi came from france right and rabino time also yeah that's true right right rashi did um flourish in worms as well so but but france and and ashkenaz are considered one but be it as it may we're going to see now so so right now what we're learning is that the the you may sphere are not only in commemoration of the tamil akiva but also commemorates the terrible tragedy of the crusades in the year 1096 which happened during this time of the year now let's just read a little bit from the safer what no no no meaning uh there's a concept that the are you made in even before the tamil arabic were passed away in fact they were showing him already right that because it's a time of the giving of the torah and the torah is a very demanding document the torah makes very uh puts a tremendous onus on the shoulders of claude israel mama the giving of the torah creates a time of din therefore historically the students of akiba passed away during this time the crusades happened during this time in the cedar hadith of rabbi hill happen he brings down how in the year 1096 so the christians believed they needed to liberate jerusalem from the hands of the infidels and as they're traveling through worms mains troy's where's troy's rashi lived in troy's right rashu metz fez praga ashkenaz sarfas they massacred every jew in their way from and then he brings down from the the the number of jews who were killed were at least five thousand and the ones who were converted in misbah we can't even count the tens of thousands of jews who converted we're going to see there's a chuva from rashi how do we treat jews who were forcibly converted during the year 1096. ultimately rebecca happen writes that the the number 5000 is a gross underestimate it's a toss cipher it was literally tens of thousands of jews by the way i never knew this rashi composed the kinna for the massacre of the crusades i was not aware it stuck in to mussoff onion kipper which one is it you know right before that when everyone is you know literally and what right before the escara it starts like this i i found it i looked it up and i found it it's in the masar the name of the um the period is tanois you know those paragraphs that top shin kofi no yeah it's called tanois soros and in it it's actually i don't have it on the sheet but it's quoted by the cedar haddai royce and it's going to say that it's also called the chuvas of the marshall number five two lines from the end it says that rashi composed the uh kinah called tanois soros and in fact rashi put a shampto and a curse on the crusaders that they should all be wiped out and we're going to see rashi had a prophecy about the crusades and it actually came true we're going to see what it was that would be at the end of this year he brings down they say that brings down an incredible thing that during the time of the crusades they asked one of the richest of shimon haggadah what's going on because they saw in the city of mets three old people standing in the city in the marketplace in the city square crying out yes they never saw these people before who are these threes the canaan and they heard from god that he knows that these people were avraham yes and they were warning khloe so about the impending disaster and they even appointed ashmadai the king of the demons to fight off the crusaders okay so avraham yes appointed ashman that we had a shira on the last day of pesach and ashman and i fought the crusaders and they had a tradition if the blood that flows is red the crusaders will fall if the blood is green the jews are in big trouble and the blood was not red it doesn't say it doesn't say anyway rib shim and haggadah did not want to be around for the rest of the crusade and hashem took him away three days before so there are all kinds of mysterious traditions regarding what happened in times of crusades but let me bring to your attention in number five there's a chuva from the marshall the marshall rise somebody asked my child could you please tell me the sader of kabbalah from the times of the goanim to the times that we shine him so he says something very interesting the second to last going was of sri ragoin his son was the last going who was the son of highgoing raf high going was the last of the going then began the era that we shine this is in the year 4 800 okay 4 800 so now we're talking a little bit under a thousand years ago was the last of the goanim who were the talmida of the rabino garchon and this is in the year 4 800. who was born in the year 4800 rashi rashi was born in the year that ravino garcia became the first reshine rashi was nifter in 48-65 what year was the crusades the crusades was 48-56 that's tatnu 48-56 so rashi was 56 years old at the time of crusades rashi survived the crusades but rashi was the god of hadar in the times of the crusades how long did the crusades last for 200 years there was a first crusade right the first crusade was short second crusade third crusade fourth fifth the second crusade was 50 years later in the year 1146. when did that happen what time of the year did that happen so i found the chuva i don't think i ever saw the savior before i don't ever think i quoted this personality before very interesting personality there's a churro from mordechai folgoman he is the father-in-law of rabbi mayor lao he came from the city of lyncheth it says on his cover if i remember correctly on the refuge cover it says that he was one of the great lamenters of the holocaust he writes he was asked about he was the love in the city of curios moscone yeah and that's how i found it what oh these fathers from there so two great people right so i when i read the when i read the book i remember the the name carry on mote skin so i saw this true but i was like is that loud yeah sure enough so he was asked the following shiloh could you do hanukkah during the mashiva so he brings down you know look we don't get married during the days of spira and he brings out an interesting thing not anywhere in the rambam does a rambam you can't take a haircut and you can't get married during spirit why because the rule of the rambam is anything not mentioned in shasta babli yoshami to septa or tarshiva the rambam does not bring down unless so that's why the ram doesn't bring down the so i but this is one of the it must be a very very late takana be may rav fogerman brings down that not only the first crusade happened in er and sivan the second crusade also happened that's the only makar that the second crusade happened during this time of the year and then he brings down something that i didn't see elsewhere was composed specifically for the harugue it's called masahatslav the you know the traveling uh the traveling christians the massah so so far very interesting and it's brought in in the sephirah and number nine the saffro the crusades lasted for 200 years we still don't have any clear macar that the restrictions of sphera whether it's haircut whether it's shaving whether it's not getting married is connected to the crusades maybe it's only because of the tamil akiva and the crusades didn't you know didn't hurt it didn't make it any easier comes another reason for the restrictions of svera are because of the massacres in france and germany that occurred during this time of the year and this is already brought in the reshainem if you look at number 10 the safer a suffice which is a collection of the shita of the talmud of the reykjach he brings down that if you want to know why don't we get married why don't we take care because why don't we shave during spira it's also in commemoration of the slain of the those who were killed in ashkenaz in the year 1096. and now i saw something that was really startling ataz listen to this taz the taj says they're actually certain that are only because of what happened during times of crusades nothing to do with the talmud akiva the ta's says that where he lived where did the taj live was in poland what right the task says that in his community they didn't get married during the entire sphero not before lag laughing there and not after like nowadays half the people get married you know in the beginning at the end of nissan the other half of the people get married after lag boimer in the times of the times they would only get married unlike boimer and shaving they only refrained from shaving before lag by anime but after like mahima they permitted shaving so taz wants to know what's going on why is it you know when did the tummy rub people die we know they died 33 days so why we saw machmer and we don't get married not before lag boy and not after lag boymer says that there are two dimensions of sphera one dimension of sphero is because of the tamid rabbi akiva the tamid arabia kiva they died from the beginning of svera until agber and there from the beginning of something like we don't get married and we don't shave we don't take care of take haircuts after like they stop dying therefore after lag volume are you allowed to shave but you're not going to get married why not the not getting married is not because of the tamil not getting married is because of the massacres of the crusades and the massacres of crusades occurred throughout the umayyad sphere so here you have that the taz is learning that part of the some of the restrictions of spirit are not i'm not because tamir rabbi kiva only marriage is because tammy de review only excuse me shaving as we close the tamil rebeca but marriage marriage is because of the crusades and therefore there are restrictions of getting married um throughout the time of surah now i don't think we're knowing this way but this is a ties listen the taz understands that the restrictions of spira are some of them are only because of what happened during time of the crusades yeah okay okay so now we see this is based on ata's that it's uh that it's um because of what happened tomorrow crusades now i'm going to get personal raise your hand if you avoid making a shakianu during sri saiyan raise your hand if you avoid making a shakhianu do you buy suits during during sphira do you make shakhianu during spira do you or do you make shakhiano do you buy new suits if if i would want to buy a suit i would buy a suit during sphero so what is it people are very confused when it comes to sphere during the three weeks though who remembers are you allowed to make a shakhia is it also making something under the third three weeks it's not awesome not to make a shakian all the shocking crisis it's good not to it doesn't mean it's awesome what about doing sphera so it's interesting look at number 12 the javascript he says wearing a new garment i never found anywhere that it's also but the minogue is not too [Music] he brings that from many sources that those who say not to buy new clothing during surah it's vaibhish it's sikhas nashem women make it up and i guarantee you if women you know it's not the husbands are making up you know but the women are saying that you don't make a shakhriana during spira sravadya sort of is you know disparaging those who say not to make a shakhriyana during sphere on the other hand the lake at yosha the lake of yoshi is a collection of the minhagema of the israelites if you ever learned yara daya you'll see in the shah natashi quotes maharim he writes in austraich they would only buy new garments on blackboard but he would not buy new clothing any other day of the omar and not only that even on lagla amer you can't buy a new hat even if you don't have a hat still have it again what not a new hat he doesn't say he doesn't say so it's very interesting the lack of a re-shine perhaps where does it come from that there are those who don't make a shechem during the the during the hemisphere maybe it comes from the lack of yeshua he says in ashraq you could buy a new garment during that implies the rest of spirit you can't buy new garments he would not even allow you to to buy a new hat on lag baimer new shoes you could buy however the price came right maybe just to wear it he says it's mutter to purchase new garments that implies unlike bomber that implies during the rest of the imer you know how to purchase new garments right true he's not necessarily talking about shakhriano here he's talking about the purchase of the right he's talking about the purchase right right now the the poiskoms say there's a safer country from he says you can't bring a proof from the lake at yosha who's very masculine about not buying new clothing because if you look in like yoshi they're like a yoshi held you're not allowed to cut your nails during spheres and there's nobody who's knowing not to cut their nails they says nobody heard of such a thing so for some reason rabbi sai the trumas hadeshan who is a reshun who lived in ashkenaz he was very mahmeer during the spira he didn't cut his nails he didn't purchase new clothing others also say this look at number 17 the oyster omits of yusvahan he writes there's an issue to shave and wear new clothing throughout svera soimer so it seems like the gadoli ashkenaz were much more mahmir about haircuts and shaving during spirit so what rabavadya wouldn't even cut his nails so we're going to have to explain all of this let me say over the sake of the morocca because it is a very important sack this is even caught in the mission of burra and then we'll try to put it in the in the historical context in halal the murmur is one of the acharyan that the mission brewer quotes all the time has the following shailah should one be makban not to make a shakhiano is there any reason of the for those people who say that one should avoid making a shakhyanu during svera says it is not found not in any resharing on any ah there is no makar to avoid making a shakianu during svera so what's going on what's the source is there a valid source for those who refrain from making shakhiana during sphera well he says as follows maybe well maybe there is a source maybe there is a kalama you definitely can maybe there's a source of sources like this let's talk about the three weeks the shogunate says one it's best to avoid making shakhiana during the three weeks how about getting married are you allowed to get married during the three weeks says you're allowed to get married until rashford what about shaving according to hillary shave until don't get married the whole three weeks don't shave the whole three weeks but the self may it marriage is the nine days and shaving and even so the says best to avoid shakhiano the whole three weeks says let's make a kabbah if during the three weeks that you could get married maek radim and you could shave maker then it's best to avoid shakhianu during the sphera that you can't get married and you can shave certainly you should avoid making a shakhyanu says he doesn't go with that logic because it's not broad in any place sake not region or akron that you should not make a shakhianu during the days of svera it must be that we're more mahmoud during the three weeks because khurban basamektas and if the cachement didn't say anything about shakhyanu then leave it be we have no right to add and make up a new den not to make a shakhyanu during during the yamaha spira and therefore he says even during the three weeks you know the taj pascans you could make a shakhiano so let's be mahmur only in the three weeks but we are makel and we do make a shakianu during the days of spira do we pascal like the mayama moroccan yes now listen carefully if we just have the mayama morge that would imply you could run out to the store buy new suits buy new fruits and make shachiano shafiano every day do we pass in that you're even allowed to go out of your way to make a shafina during sphero look at the mission brewer i want you to be madaya carefully in the words of the borough mission brewer says one should not be marbella during this time of the year number 19. if something comes up then you need to make a shakianu you does that imply you let it go out of your way to make it shakhyanu the mastermind of the mission is if it happens to be that someone got you a new suit or someone gave you a new fruit then you could make a shaykh but the bishop seems to be hesitant to go at it to go and say you'll have to go get a new fruit to make a shakhianuan why why doesn't the mission brewer say the way that my memorical says it go out and buy yourself a new suit go out and buy new fruits why does the mission brewer seem so hesitant the way he says it is if a new fruit comes your way or a new soup comes your way then make sure so there's a say for being pesach he says maybe the mesh in deference to those who avoid making shakhianus would hold don't go out of your way to get a new fruit but if you got one you could make a shakhiano so he he brought this deal to khaim knsh said no that's not how you read the mission even though he's sort of saying only if it comes your way the sheet of the mission of is you could go buy new suits and new fruits during during spira so bottom line if you wanted to know myself are you allowed to make a shaking during the during spira yes are you allowed to go out of your way and buy new clothing to make shakhianu yes are you allowed to go out are you away and buy new fruits make sure yes but still what about the chumas-hades and he did in allah he didn't do it and what about the khawasir who says there are those who are knowing not to and look at number 21 the ikare hadat brings down so what's going on are you atlanta you're not allowed to mr buru seems to say you could do it so why are there those who don't do it the answer is it depends where you come from if you're of germanic descent if you come from germany if you're a god though like with israel and who's living in the times of the crusades if you're rabbi yosef the mitz who is the goddess in ashkenaz in those communities they were very sensitive to what happened to during this period of the year and therefore even though you're allowed to make a shakhianu they could not bring themselves to make it i have an article here number 22 of the telltale pios of rav israel who says as follows if your minogue is not to make a shakhiano then you should maintain your minogue why because it has basis there's a reason why there were people who are knowing not to make a shaviano based on the tragedies of the crusades as we see in the truma saddeshan as we see in raviolis of oimets that's what they were annoying in frankfurt and ashkenaz however if you don't know what your minogue is then of course you're allowed to make a shafiano if you live in a city that doesn't have a minute you could make a shakian you don't have a clear tradition you can make a shakiano but if you do have a minute some in hugging we say you should change them now whichman hug him i'm not going to tell you but i'd be very happy to tell you if you asked me i'll be very happy to tell you there are many manhugging people people should change but this is not one of them why because this one has halachic basis you see this is a very important aside minogue there's no such thing that you have to do something because your father did it i have a question if your father came late or your father came early you don't have to do either you only have to do what was done in your father's city provided that it's based on a shita in the reshahnam but if it's not it doesn't have halachic bases that's not a minogue this has halachic basis it's in commemoration to commemorate to memorialize the slain of the crusades by the way if you look in chaucer chuba's gargarin baroy shamir rav shmuel david monk i would assume he is of ashkenazic descent he also brings down and you shall aim there is a hassan who was getting married and like he wanted to wear new clothing the shabbos before rabbi yosef did not let him so basically he says like this he says why are some people makel regarding shakyano or why are people mahmoud regarding he says as follows those who are mako they hold that it's not pronoun nowhere in halal does it say you don't make a shaqian spira but the mahmirim maintain as follows you know why there are those who are mahmir because of what we read in kenakape in number 25 that in kindergarten we say that the death of the the heligen who are died on crusades in the second column on the eighth line shkula harigasam le sabel ula sapra khisrei fast basal their death in our eyes is the equivalent of the destruction of the base of dash those who have a tradition ancient custom not to make a shakianu it's because they're sensitive that the death of the balayatoisus that occurred during this time of the year is the equivalent of the destruction of the vasanas says listen to this in ashkenaz the shabbos before shavuos has all the dna of the shabbos before tish above in germany the german minogue is that they didn't shower and they didn't shave and all the humras of the shabbos before tish above they were annoying the shabbos before she was why because nebach all those communities were wiped out daft this time of the year we should say also that that chavis the and you know that's a sensitive topic because uh we have very little official days commemorating recent tragedy right even the holocaust most good of israel were not in favor of any specific calendar date commemorating yomashawa right and there's a reason for that the reason is that in the times of crusades you had people the caliber of rashi who had certain authority to enact nowadays unfortunately we're in a daryasan we don't have the same caliber personage to make takana and that would be incumbent upon us also you have to understand when would they have enacted it 1940 and then there are no more jews over there so just on a practical basis in in ashkenaz they were there for thousands it sounds like i don't know i don't know i understand but there the jews remained there they remained in germany for hundreds of years after crystal mach after world war ii very few jews remain there right okay it's what to think about so i want to bring to your attention um just the list i did some research trying to uh find out exactly which reshinam were massacred during the times of crusade just wanted to know from my own uh from my own knowledge you know you say avarakamim you're making a calamali rakhma every yid is making a kel melo iraqiman for the balayat these are sadiq and many of them you'll see we're going to be familiar with actually one of them i broke down a few times yesterday preparing this one of them he says he's only quoted one time in rashi in all of tanakh one time rashin tanakh quotes this this re-shine and we happen to have quoted this reshun in a share right before purim and i didn't know it was from that reason it's harassing in yermia who quotes rabbi huda darshan and rabbi rashford nebuchas killed during this time of the year i'll tell you what he says so we'll go through very briefly you have over here number twenty seven yitzchak of maine's him and his son-in-law these are probably names that are never mentioned so hopefully we mention their name they're in the shamash they should be even for all of israel him and his son-in-law were killed in 1096. he had ruach she knew that he knew that the crusades were impending you have over here number 28 rav david bar mashulim of spires him he was the brother of clinomus bar misholem and rabbi kucil and he actually wrote some of the sliches that we say by the way the ta's writes they're yoits royce that are said from pesach till she was they're all about the tragedies of the crusades you look at number 29 from it is important to know what are the spires is quoted in rashi and we quoted this in the sheer before purim on the ten sons of hamad do you remember we said yishai is gumatria what 3 10 10 times what the 31 kings of kanan what's the indian of the 31 kings of kanan do you remember what we said so the taisus yomtif in quotes this rashi this rashi quotes rabbi was killed during this time of the year what does he say it's an apostle hashem says to call him so listen to hashem says why aren't you seeking me out what i'm the man and you're the woman and the man runs after the girl hashem says normally the dark is the man runs after the woman hashem says i said why are you running after me because you're the woman and i'm the guy hashem says i'm going to change your nature i'm going to change the nature of a woman hashem says i'm going to make a new nature that you're going to run after me nikeva to save together and you're going to run after me. it says rashi in the name of darshan listen very careful but darshan says hashem come down that anikeva doesn't get yerusha midraban and nikeva gets 10 percent how many nations are there 70 nations why did claudius get seven um israel because we're liking the keva that gets ten percent lost lovely we're gonna be like a guy we're gonna get all 70. that's from darshan that's why there are 310 illamoise and we took the 31 this was all based on darshan who was killed during this time of the year then you have the number 30 rabbi huda benbara rashi quotes by the way rashi wrote a saver of paradise and in it he quotes many many of these reshowing them were killed during this time of the year you have rabbi ben abram who was one of the great darshanim who had a tradition that he came from shaived don you look at number 32 david he was killed in 1096. him and his wife bayla and rabdavida levy and abdullah levy's life you have a number 33 you have rabbina mushalam from ashkenazi and he quotes what rabino mashulim has talmud said about him on pesach are you allowed to use the juice of wheat let's say you squeeze out wheat and extract the juice the rash brings from who was killed during this time of the year that is regular agado would squeeze out wheat and wash his clothing with it on pesach brought in the rush rabbenu cloynamus rashi and baya quotes our banu clinimus now fabinho clintumus was killed in the crusades everybody knows abandoned klonos came from rome what was he doing in germany so rashi says in bayada of dalat i got a letter from garmaiza that rabbenu clonamus from rome came to visit rashid rashid saying it's amazing rabino cloinamus came to germany now bachrabino kleinemus from rome was killed in worms in 1096. many many hundreds if not thousands of barley toisis were killed this time of the year by the way the raven look at number 37 revelation one of the great we shot him wrote an entire safer depicting the tragedies of the crusades it's called conscious gezeros tatino so rashi was asked the following question if ten thousand jews or more were massacred then times of the crusades do you know how many tens of thousands converted to christianity what happens when they touch wine are we good what happens when we touch wine what happens when they touch when they bake bread see there was a historically it's a very interesting thing both in 1096 and in 1492 many jews are forcibly baptized and the jews who withstood the test looked down on the jews who converted they didn't want to marry into them they didn't want to look at them they held they were going and both in 1096 and in 1492 the rabanon were very lenient with them because they said they only did it out of fear it wasn't sincere conversion the rabbana wanted to integrate them by the way the people prevailed their abundant were not strong enough to allow the people back the yiddin who was stood the test did not really let those anusim come back barashi issued up sakh that any jew who forcibly was converted and he wants to do shiva we will not render their wine if we don't want to embarrass them let me end off with two stories the first story comes from the safer shall shell which is a historical work a part of jewish literature the khida does not consider an accurate safer but many good islam quote it and the story goes like this there was a particular crusader in france named fredo gutifredo who heard about rashi and he summoned rashi to what gottfried oh yeah right thank you gottfried the famous crusader very famous you heard about rashi he summons rashi to come to him rashid doesn't come rashi knew what he wanted so he went to rashi's house he goes into rasheed's waist letters he says rashii here's the voice yeah he comes the door was open all this farm around where are you i'm not telling can't find rashi he's playing games with him he said are there any students of rashi rashi comes out yeah i'm a student to rashi where's rashi promise him i won't touch him surah she says i'm him so he says taka you're a pretty smart guy he said look i have a hundred thousand cavalry 200 boats i want to capture jerusalem i have 7 000 cavalry in cavalry and ekron you think i'll be successful in conquering the uh the muslims the arabs rashi says you're going to go to jerusalem you're going to conquer it you'll rule there for three days on the fourth day they'll kick you out you're gonna return to the city with three horses so the guy's devastated he said if i return to the city with four horses i'm gonna kill you and every jew in france he goes to jerusalem he conquers jerusalem on the fourth day he's ousted he's returning with thousands of horse it took him a very long time to get back to france he returns to france with four horses and he returns ready to kill rashi as he's entering the gate of the city the gate collapses kills one of his men and one of the sources and he realizes that rashi's prophecy was true he immediately heads over to rashi's house to to bow down tarashi and rashi had just passed away before before he returned the second crusade we said was in the year 11 46. now it's not rashi's time anymore now it's not rashi's children it's rashi's grandchildren who's rashi's grandchild does far them say the greatest of older we shine him was the rambam the ashkenazim say the greatest of all that we shine him was time was a very wealthy man romano tom had 70 servants in his house roberto tom was exceptionally wealthy man they came to kill rabbi no tam they barged into his home they took all of his possessions this was brought in the safer gazeros ashkenaz they ripped open the safer tower in front of him they took him out to the field they said roberto tom you guys you're the god of the door you or your ancestors slashed the yoyo five times on the skull they slashed rabino tom five times on the skull they said now we're gonna kill you and out of nowhere some kind of officer came he said why are you gonna kill him let's convert him to catholic catholicism let's convert them to christianity i'll take care of it the guy bribed the marauders gave him his horse they said if he doesn't convert by tomorrow he's all yours and somehow rabino time got out of it that's in the year 1146 happened during this time of the year is this time of year rabbenu tom was captured says the monkacher and the seifer divide he has a tradition that he heard when he was young from the khasi de aoyoin the tamidim of medinaf who's that the binay saskar his zeda that ruba daruba daruba of the balayat isis were killed al-qaeda you have to know when you learned twice this these people were not sitting back in hammocks you know sipping lemonade with they were running for their life most of them were murdered and then he says a tremendous thing that most of the ballet toys this that we have a tradition the night before they knew they were going to be killed in the morning they were riding tyson twice just was written in jail when these valley places knew in the morning they would be killed that's the tradition that the monkatcha brings down so i have over here just to conclude a kinah that rashi wrote for the kadoshim of the crusades he says torah tamima perfect torah paying kaduma that preceded the world 2000 years khalin up nakel the siege to be banished on by no tama on behalf of the wholesome dove bakshi alban seek out this is rashi talking to the torah asking the torah to bestie chakalesh maracho to take up the cause of the shame of these pious sadiquem and their blood that was spilled miyad binay zanunim from these wonton resham who cut off your students ashrae karu urea they ripped off your curtains they trampled your letters and with great anger they destroyed your your batte mid rashem says rasheed to the torah ask the ribanus islam eliminate these terrible blows from those who anger you hashemi khabits ampazura please gather us from wherever we're scattered so this time of the year we're always familiar with the gezeroys stuff tatnu 1096 but anyway we are no igavelus there are things that we do we should bear in mind hundreds of thousands of kadoishe alyong balayatoy swiss and all of israel lives based on the bali at isis and uh we darven for them every shabbos you say kidama to take revenge for all this blood that was spilled and until rosa to the great day of kabbalah satora and uh we don't have mat say voice for the ballet they're no kwarim any of these people that we mentioned today there are no qaram in germany for any of them but as i'll say their words you've just experienced another torah class 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