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Vayikra - 6th Portion
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Join as we learnish for Friday Parishes
chapter 4 verse 27. Yesterday we learned
about the different sin offerings that
can be brought because of communal
matters whether it's a leader the
Sanhedrin the anointed. Today we
continue with the sin offering of the
individual.
If a person, an ordinary person, a
common person sins unintentionally,
he was a regular person
by transgressing any of the passive
commandments of God, the shame and
thereby incurring guilt guilt.
Rashi 20
continuing verse 28
or if the sin has been known to been
made known to him that he did something
wrong
will bring a sacrifice
a goat a female
unbllemished female one
that he has done that he has committed
Verse 29
will lean his hands on the head of the
sin offering and they will slaughter the
sin offering in the same place where the
ascent offering is brought. 30
the co will then take from its blood
with his finger
and he'll put it on the corners and the
protrusions of the off altar the ascent
altar which is the outside
and the rest of its blood he'll pour at
the foundation of the altar 31
must remove all its fat as the fats was
removed from the peace offering
the coin will then bring all up as a
sacrifice on the altar
as a pleasing offering to God
and the co will then be as an atonement
for and he will be forgiven.
Verse 31
referring to the goat that was brought
by the peace offering because if you
recall there was a sheep and goat that
could have been brought out as a peace
offering. So therefore he's referring to
the one that was by the goat. Verse 32.
If you would bring a lamb as a sacrifice
as a sin offering,
so too it should be a female
unblenmished. He should bring
verse 33
and he will lean his hands on the head
of the sin offering slaughter as a sin
offering
in the same place where the ascent
offering was brought. Verse 33.
Even the slaughtering has to be for the
proper intent that it was for a sin
offering.
Verse 34
will then take from the blood of the sin
offering with his finger
and he will put it on the protrusions of
the outside altar
and all its leftover blood he'll pour at
the base of the altar.
all its fat he will remove.
Just like the sheep, the fat of the
sheep was removed by the peace offering.
So too it is done by the sin offering.
The coin will then bring it as a
sacrifice on the altar
on the sacrifices on the fire of God
and the coen will then be as an
atonement for this fellow on the sin
that he committed
and he will then be forgiven.
says
that when it comes as opposed to the
goat that there were less items brought
on the altar. However, by the sheep more
things were brought on the altar. For
example, that this tail back end of the
animal was burnt on the altar as well.
So too when it comes to the sin offering
when a person brings a female sheep to
so then you have to burn the sheep the
tail with all the other fats with all
the other pieces
on the fire of God
and the fires that were made for the
sake of God.
Verse 36
I'm sorry 5 verse one. Now we go to
another kind of sin offering which we
would call the variable sin offering.
These are cases where a person has to
bring instead of an ordinary sin
offering. This is a sin offering that a
person would do according to his means
as we're going to see as their variables
and that's why it's called a variable
sin offering because there are different
events and situations which would deem
fit or what would be considered the need
to bring the sin offering. Chapter 5
verse one.
If a person sins, what's the sin?
By having heard a summon that they would
come, they told to come and testify who
and they are a witness or they saw they
know about
and the very fact that they do not
testify because they denying under oath
that either they saw it or whatever it
may be
because of that they have a
transgression, they will bear their
transgression. So over here as Rashi
explains
what does it mean they heard the voice
of an oath
the verse is talking about a person who
has testimony that can help another
person for example he knows that
somebody owes money to somebody else and
he doesn't want to come to testify
something that he was a witness at that
he took an oath
that if he knows anything about this
testimony he should come and say
testimony about it and he does not want
to come say testimony. Verse two, or of
a person,
if the person touched anything which may
be impure, for example, a carcass or
anything which may be spiritually
impure, defiled
or a carcass of a impure animal
or in the carcass of a uh domestic
animals
or in the carcass of a crawling animal
tummy which may be impure
and it he did not know about it. So
therefore,
he still is impure and he also incurs
guilty.
What is this talking about? This is
talking about a touching something which
is impure where there is no prohibition.
So why does the Torah say? So the Torah
says as follows. After the person
touches something that's impure. Well,
what's the problem with touching
something that's impure? What did he do
wrong? Technically, there's no sin. But
what happened was after he touched the
thing that was impure,
he wants to go eat from he went and ate
holy items or he went into the
sanctuary.
This is if a person willingly knows that
he is impure and goes into the sanctuary
that is liable of a punishment of losing
or shortening his life. as discussed in
explained over here that there's
different types of um in this in case
where there's a whole technicality that
the gamarra explains that if a person
what part did he forget? Did he forget
that he's not allowed to eat it? Did he
forget that it's impure? Did he forget
that that he himself is not impure? Did
he know that an impure person is allowed
to go into the holy temple? There's a
whole calculation of what it may be in
it. The whole technicality of what it is
and that's why he uses the terminology
vanelu. It was concealed from him
meaning hatuma that he was actually
impure and therefore and he went in and
he was going to eat it. In all of these
cases he
in some of the cases he may be even
exempt from bringing a sacrifice.
What's the thing that he's guilty of?
That means the thing that he is guilty
of that he went into the holy temple or
that he ate something that was holy
while he was impure.
Verse three
or he touched an impure
he touches somebody who is impure by a
human
whatever that impurity may be that he
can make him impure but he was not aware
of it
and then he finds out and then he is
guilty
the tumod what does it mean the impurity
of a man. This comes to tell me a dead
body.
This includes if he touched a z or a z
which refers to a male or female who has
discharge coming out of their body which
makes them impure. And this case
somebody who touches them they become
impure as well.
So there's three terms of interminology
of impurity. So one in terminology of
impurity is if he touches a dead
carcass. Number two which is a human.
Before we were talking about animals
over here if he touches a male or female
that's alive and they have a discharge
and therefore they also become impure
and touching them you become impure.
Third case is
if somebody who was intimate with a
person who is a not allowed to be with
at the time which that also makes them
impure.
If a person not only if a person touches
but what happens if a person swallows a
size of an olive of a bird that has not
been slaughtered properly. So therefore
you're touching it that won't make you
impure. But the fact that he swallowed
it made him impure. Vanel it was
concealed from him. Meaning he did not
know
he forgot that he was even impure. other
and then he finds out that he that he
was impure and now he's guilty
either because he ate something that was
holy or because he went into the holy
temple. Now then he remembers he's
guilty at the time that he did it he was
unintentional. He didn't know but once
he remembers he realizes what happened.
Another case verse four
person
He swears by pronouncing with his lips
the intention to harm himself or to do
harm to do good.
Whatever a person expresses with an oath
and this escapes him. He didn't realize
by doing so he's obligating himself
and now he finds out he's guilty at any
of these things.
What does it mean with his lips?
That means this oath does not go on
something you had in mind in your heart.
You have to clearly say it
meaning that he was going to do
something which may pain and harm to
himself or also cause benefit. For
example, as the Talmet says, if a person
says, I will eat or napkin, not sleep or
a napkin asleep
comes to include even something that he
said in the past that I made an oath
that I will or will not
say that means it was concealed from
him. He forgot about it and because of
that he transgressed on his oath. He
went against his oath. All of these
cases are part of what we call a
carbon which means a sacrifice which
would talks about that a person gives
comes to the terminology you give how
much you can afford a rich person would
give a lot so it goes up a poor person
would give less so therefore it's going
down so these sacrifices all go into
that realm a sin and as we mentioned a
variable sin offering it's variable
because he would obligate himself to
bring a sin offering however However,
the sin offering would not be a a
standard sin offering like we learned in
the previous ones, whether it's a bull
or a goat or a sheep. But this one goes
according to the person's means and
event and what he decid and what he
gives.
However, an oath that hasn't it the
denial of money.
It does not include in this type of
sacrifice, but only in a different
sacrifice and offering which we will
talk about later on. Verse
five.
Verse five.
When someone incurs guilt to any of
these cases that we just mentioned
and he must confess that he did
something wrong that he committed those
sins.
Verse six,
he brings his guilt to God
that he's committed the cave. It has to
be a female from the sheep.
sheep or a goat sin offering
will then atone him will be atoned from
the sin that he committed.
Seven.
But what happens if a person can't
afford to bring a sheep? Then he'll
bring his guilt offering.
It could be two um two turtle doves
or two young pigeons to God. The reason
why he's bringing two, one for a sin
offering and one for an ascent offering.
verse eight
will bring those birds to the coin.
He'll first bring the one that is for a
sin offering first to
he will then nip off its head
with his fingernail
from the back of its head.
But he must make sure not to sever the
it completely
over here. The Torah says generally the
Torah is telling us that
sin offering comes before an ascent
offering. Why is that?
This is compared for example the defense
that comes in in front of the court
that comes to appease the king or the
court.
First what you need to do is you find an
appeasement. You first got to apologize
for what you did wrong. And after you
apologize what you did wrong and you
bring a gift then the gift comes
afterwards. So too the first thing is
the sin. The sin is asking an apology.
After you ask the apology then you can
follow up with the offering which is as
a donation as a gift. He doesn't
separate.
That means when it comes to malika
generally when it comes to slaughtering
there are two parts. There are two veins
that the two pipes that the slaughterer
has to that the shet has to slaughter in
order to be valid kosher which is the
wind pipe and the food pipe. the trachea
and the um esophagus over here. However,
when it comes to malikica, when it comes
to using the fingernail and when he nips
the bird, only one of those pipes has to
be uh cut, not both of them. And this
way the the head does not completely
fall off. What is that's the neck?
That's where that's the top of the
that's the top of the head of the bird
that goes towards the neck. So it's the
back it's the back of the if you're
looking from the top of the bird it's
the top the back of the head which
connects to the rest of the back of the
bird which we would call the neck mul
against it.
When you see the neck you're seeing
basically the whole line of the neck and
the back. So where you're doing the
malika would be from underneath it
against that area of the neck.
Verse N.
And then he will sprinkle from the blood
of the sin offering on the wall of the
altar and whatever is left of the blood
will squeeze out towards the um base of
the altar. This is considered a sin
offering.
However, when it came to the sin offer
to the uh ascent offering which was the
donation, it was not needed to sprinkle.
It was only the squeezing out of the
blood. However, when it comes to a sin
offering
to first of all sprinkle the blood and
as well squeeze out the blood, he would
hold on to the bird and sprinkle it
while holding the bird in his hand
and then the blood would spray and it
would go onto the altar. assume it is a
sin offering again that it has to be for
the intent of a sin offering
but if it was not for the intent would
be unfit.
Verse 10
the second bird he would bring as an
ascent offering as mentioned previously
in the laws pertaining to the ascent
offering and the coin will be an
atonement from his sin for what he has
committed and he will be forgiven. The
word
like we mentioned all the laws
particularly by the ascent offering of
the birds which was donated in the
beginning of this week's Torah reading.
This concludes the Torah reading for
Friday Pares Fikra.